Multichannel optrodes for photonic stimulation.
Multichannel optrodes for photonic stimulation.
复制标题
用于光子刺激的多通道光极
DOI：
10.1117/1.nph.5.4.045002
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发表时间：
2018-10
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Richter CP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu Y;Xia N;Lim M;Tan X;Tran MH;Boulger E;Peng F;Young H;Rau C;Rack A;Richter CP
摘要。在神经刺激领域，一种新兴的方法是利用光子来激活神经元。光刺激比电刺激可能具有的优势是由于其对小神经元群的空间选择性激活，这有望在神经界面中产生优越的空间分辨率。探讨了人工耳蜗的两种主要方法：红外光直接刺激神经和光遗传学。本文讨论了开发用于耳蜗的光传输系统（LDS）的基本要求，并提供了构建此类设备的实例。该装置依赖于小型光源，这些光源被组装成阵列插入耳蜗。对电极的力学性能、生物相容性和功效进行了动物实验。将电极插入人体鼓膜模型所需的力与当代人工耳蜗植入电极所获得的插入力相当。侧发射二极管的功率足以引起豚鼠的听觉反应。慢性植入LDS在26周内没有提高听觉脑干反应。
Abstract. An emerging method in the field of neural stimulation is the use of photons to activate neurons. The possible advantage of optical stimulation over electrical is attributable to its spatially selective activation of small neuron populations, which is promising in generating superior spatial resolution in neural interfaces. Two principal methods are explored for cochlear prostheses: direct stimulation of nerves with infrared light and optogenetics. This paper discusses basic requirements for developing a light delivery system (LDS) for the cochlea and provides examples for building such devices. The proposed device relies on small optical sources, which are assembled in an array to be inserted into the cochlea. The mechanical properties, the biocompatibility, and the efficacy of optrodes have been tested in animal models. The force required to insert optrodes into a model of the human scala tympani was comparable to insertion forces obtained for contemporary cochlear implant electrodes. Side-emitting diodes are powerful enough to evoke auditory responses in guinea pigs. Chronic implantation of the LDS did not elevate auditory brainstem responses over 26 weeks.