Perceived Social Support in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Perceived Social Support in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
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DOI：
10.1002/aur.1735
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Di Martino, Adriana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alvarez-Fernandez, Sonia;Brown, Hallie R.;Di Martino, Adriana
感知社会支持 (PSS) 与典型发育个体的身心健康相关，但自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中 PSS 的系统特征是有限的。我们比较了年龄和智商匹配的成人组（18-58 岁）患有高认知功能自闭症谱系障碍（N = 41）或注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD；N = 69）和神经典型对照（NC；N = 69）的 PSS 多维量表（MSPSS）的自我报告评分。在进行分组比较的同时，我们使用机器学习随机森林（RF）分析来探索一系列心理病理学和社会情感变量中的预测因素。相对于 ADHD 和 NC，患有 ASD 的成年人表现出较低的 MSPSS 评分，特别是在朋友分量表 (MSPSS-f) 方面。在 ASD 和 ADHD 中，自闭症严重程度、情感同理心、与社交互动相关的焦虑症状、多动/冲动和躯体化方面的个体差异最能预测 MSPSS-f。这些关系在临床组之间没有差异。虽然群体比较显示 ASD 个体的损伤更大，但分析个体的特征揭示了他们的 MSPSS-f 关系的交叉诊断相似性。这与研究领域标准框架一致，支持跨诊断方法迈向“精准医学”。 (C) 2017 年国际自闭症研究协会，Wiley periodicals, Inc.
Perceived social support (PSS) has been related to physical and mental well-being in typically developing individuals, but systematic characterizations of PSS in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are limited. We compared self-report ratings of the multidimensional scale of PSS (MSPSS) among age-and IQ-matched groups of adults (18-58 years) with cognitively high-functioning ASD (N=41), or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; N=69), and neurotypical controls (NC; N=69). Accompanying group comparisons, we used machine learning random forest (RF) analyses to explore predictors among a range of psychopathological and socio-emotional variables. Relative to both ADHD and NC, adults with ASD showed lower MSPSS ratings, specifically for the friends subscale (MSPSS-f). Across ASD and ADHD, interindividual differences in autism severity, affective empathy, symptoms of anxiety related to social interactions, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and somatization best predicted MSPSS-f. These relationships did not differ between clinical groups. While group comparisons demonstrated greater impairment in individuals with ASD, analyzing individuals' characteristics revealed cross-diagnoses similarities in regard to their MSPSS-f relationships. This is consistent with the Research Domain Criteria framework, supporting a trans-diagnostic approach as on the path toward "precision medicine." (C) 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.