Principles and Applications of Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Cancer Detection, Staging, and Treatment Follow-up
Principles and Applications of Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Cancer Detection, Staging, and Treatment Follow-up
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DOI：
10.1148/rg.316115515
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Macura, Katarzyna J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Malayeri, Ashkan A.;El Khouli, Riham H.;Macura, Katarzyna J.
扩散加权成像依赖于对被称为布朗运动的自由水分子的随机微观运动的检测。随着新的磁共振（MR）成像技术的发展和更强的扩散梯度，最近的应用扩散加权成像在全身成像引起了相当大的关注，特别是在肿瘤学领域。弥散加权成像正在被确立为MR成像的一个关键方面，用于评估特定器官，包括乳腺、肝脏、肾脏和骨盆。当与表观扩散系数映射结合使用时，扩散加权成像提供关于组织中水的功能环境的信息，从而增强由常规MR成像提供的形态学信息。检测到的变化包括水从细胞外空间向细胞内空间的转移、细胞膜渗透性的限制、细胞密度的增加和细胞膜去极化的破坏。这些发现通常与恶性肿瘤相关;因此，弥散加权成像在肿瘤成像中有许多应用，可以帮助肿瘤检测和表征以及预测和评估对治疗的反应。(C)RSNA，2011年。radiographics.rsna.org
Diffusion-weighted imaging relies on the detection of the random microscopic motion of free water molecules known as Brownian movement. With the development of new magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technologies and stronger diffusion gradients, recent applications of diffusion-weighted imaging in whole-body imaging have attracted considerable attention, especially in the field of oncology. Diffusion-weighted imaging is being established as a pivotal aspect of MR imaging in the evaluation of specific organs, including the breast, liver, kidney, and those in the pelvis. When used in conjunction with apparent diffusion coefficient mapping, diffusion-weighted imaging provides information about the functional environment of water in tissues, thereby augmenting the morphologic information provided by conventional MR imaging. Detected changes include shifts of water from extracellular to intracellular spaces, restriction of cellular membrane permeability, increased cellular density, and disruption of cellular membrane depolarization. These findings are commonly associated with malignancies; therefore, diffusion-weighted imaging has many applications in oncologic imaging and can aid in tumor detection and characterization and in the prediction and assessment of response to therapy. (C) RSNA, 2011 . radiographics.rsna.org