Hydroxyl Radicals in E-Cigarette Vapor and E-Vapor Oxidative Potentials under Different Vaping Patterns
Hydroxyl Radicals in E-Cigarette Vapor and E-Vapor Oxidative Potentials under Different Vaping Patterns
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00400
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Meng, Qingyu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Son, Yeongkwon;Mishin, Vladimir;Meng, Qingyu
现有的研究虽然数量有限，但表明电子烟会引起氧化应激，其中一种潜在机制是电子蒸气中活性氧（ROS）的直接形成。在本研究中，我们测量了在一系列电子烟模式（即功率设置、溶剂浓度、调味剂）下电子蒸汽中羟基自由基（(OH)-O-中心点）（最具破坏性的活性氧）的形成。研究结果表明，由于盘管温度和氧气供应升高，功率输出和抽吸量的增加与电子蒸汽中显着增加的 (OH)-O-中心点的形成相对应。植物甘油 (VG) 电子烟液比丙二醇 (PG) 电子烟液产生更高的 (OH)-O-中心点水平，调味电子烟液相对于无味电子烟液也是如此。电子蒸气与抗坏血酸（人体上皮衬里液中丰富的生物分子）结合也可以诱导 (OH)-O-中心点的形成。每吸一口电子烟产生的自由基剂量比报告的吸烟剂量低 10-1000 倍。然而，根据电子烟模式，每日平均 (OH)-O-中心点剂量可与吸烟产生的剂量相当。总体而言，在较高功率输出设置下使用基于 VG 的调味电子烟的电子烟使用者可能面临 (OH)-O-中心点暴露和相关健康后果（例如哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病）的风险增加。
Available studies, while limited in number, suggest that e-cigarette vaping induces oxidative stress, with one potential mechanism being the direct formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in e-vapor. In the present studies, we measured the formation of hydroxyl radical ((OH)-O-center dot), the most destructive ROS, in e-vapor under a range of vaping patterns (i.e., power settings, solvent concentrations, flavorings). Study results show that increased power output and puff volume correspond with the formation of significantly higher amounts of (OH)-O-center dot in e-vapor because of elevated coil temperature and oxygen supply. Vegetable glycerin (VG) e-liquids generated higher (OH)-O-center dot levels than propylene glycol (PG) e-liquids, as did flavored e-liquids relative to nonflavored e-liquids. E-vapor in combination with ascorbic acid, which is an abundant biological molecule in human epithelial lining fluid, can also induce (OH)-O-center dot formation. The dose of radical per puff associated with e-cigarette vaping was 10-1000 times lower than the reported dose generated by cigarette smoking. However, the daily average (OH)-O-center dot dose can be comparable to that from cigarette smoking depending on vaping patterns. Overall, e-cigarette users who use VG-based flavored e-cigarettes at higher power output settings may be at increased risk for (OH)-O-center dot exposures and related health consequences such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.