De novo malignancies after organ transplantation: focus on viral infections.
De novo malignancies after organ transplantation: focus on viral infections.
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器官移植后的新发恶性肿瘤：关注病毒感染。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
D. Serraino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Piselli;G. Busnach;L. Fratino;F. Citterio;G. Ettorre;P. Paoli;D. Serraino
器官移植是越来越多地用于治疗致命终末期器官疾病的医疗程序，2010年全世界进行了107,000例移植。新开发的抗排斥药物大大有助于延长个体和移植器官的长期生存，并促进器官移植的扩散。目前，肾移植术后患者5年生存率约为90%，肝移植术后患者5年生存率约为70%。然而，众所周知，长期长期使用免疫抑制药物会增加机会性疾病的风险，特别是感染和与病毒有关的恶性肿瘤。尽管移植受者患所有类型的新生癌症的风险增加了近2倍，但持续感染致癌病毒（如卡波西肉瘤疱疹病毒、高风险的人乳头瘤病毒和爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒）的癌症风险增加了100倍。本综述以肾和肝移植为重点，重点介绍了医源性免疫抑制、致癌病毒持续感染和癌症风险之间的最新证据。致癌病毒通过破坏细胞周期控制使受感染细胞永生的隐性能力，在诱导免疫监视降低的情况下，可能导致肿瘤发生，这种能力被认为与免疫抑制药物的累积暴露密切相关。病毒感染、免疫抑制药物与皮肤癌、移植后淋巴细胞增生性疾病、卡波西肉瘤、子宫颈癌和其他无生殖器官癌症风险之间关系的潜在机制进行了详细审查。
Organ transplantation is an increasingly used medical procedure for treating otherwise fatal end stage organ diseases with 107,000 transplants performed worldwide in 2010. Newly developed anti-rejection drugs greatly helped to prolong long-term survival of both the individual and the transplanted organ, and they facilitate the diffusion of organ transplantation. Presently, 5-year patient survival rates are around 90% after kidney transplant and 70% after liver transplant. However, the prolonged chronic use of immunosuppressive drugs is well known to increase the risks of opportunistic diseases, particularly infections and virus-related malignancies. Although transplant recipients experience a nearly 2-fold elevated risk for all types of de-novo cancers, persistent infections with oncogenic viruses - such as Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus, high-risk human papillomaviruses, and Epstein-Barr virus - are associated with up to 100-fold increased cancer risks. This review, focusing on kidney and liver transplants, highlights updated evidences linking iatrogenic immunosuppression, persistent infections with oncogenic viruses and cancer risk. The implicit capacity of oncogenic viruses to immortalise infected cells by disrupting the cell-cycle control can lead, in a setting of induced lowered immune surveillance, to tumorigenesis and this ability is thought to closely correlate with cumulative exposure to immunosuppressive drugs. Mechanisms underlying the relationship between viral infections, immunosuppressive drugs and the risk of skin cancers, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, Kaposi sarcoma, cervical and other ano-genital cancers are reviewed in details.
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Engels, Eric A.;Pfeiffer, Ruth M.;Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr.;Kasiske, Bertram L.;Israni, Ajay K.;Snyder, Jon J.;Wolfe, Robert A.;Goodrich, Nathan P.;Bayakly, A. Rana;Clarke, Christina A.;Copeland, Glenn;Finch, Jack L.;Fleissner, Mary Lou;Goodman, Marc T.;Kahn, Amy;Koch, Lori;Lynch, Charles F.;Madeleine, Margaret M.;Pawlish, Karen;Rao, Chandrika;Williams, Melanie A.;Castenson, David;Curry, Michael;Parsons, Ruth;Fant, Gregory;Lin, Monica
通讯作者：
Lin, Monica