Highly toxic coplanar PCBs: occurrence, source, persistency and toxic implications to wildlife and humans.
Highly toxic coplanar PCBs: occurrence, source, persistency and toxic implications to wildlife and humans.
复制标题
高毒性共面 PCB：发生、来源、持久性以及对野生动物和人类的毒性影响。
DOI：
10.1016/0269-7491(87)90044-3
复制
发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
R. Tatsukawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Tanabe;N. Kannan;A. Subramanian;S. Watanabe;R. Tatsukawa
对鱼类、海洋哺乳动物（鲸鱼、海豚和鼠海豚）和陆生哺乳动物（狗、猫和人类）等多种动物物种中的多氯联苯同系物进行异构体特异性测定，揭示了环境中存在剧毒共面 3,3',4,4'-四氯联苯 (T4CB)、3,3',4,4',5-五氯联苯 (P5CB) 和3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-六氯联苯 (H6CB) 在脂肪组织（鱼除外）中的湿重范围为几 pg g−1 至几十 ng g−1。在北太平洋等偏远地区采集的野生标本中检测到的这些有毒残留物表明，与一般 PCB 污染一样，共面 PCB 已经广泛分布。在所有分析的哺乳动物中获得的总 PCB 浓度与三种共面 PCB 中的每一种浓度之间存在明显的正相关性，这表明环境中共面 PCB 污染的来源主要是商业 PCB 制剂。对商业 PCB 混合物和各种动物中三种有毒共面 PCB 的组成进行比较，表明这些同源物的相对代谢能力如下：3,3',4,4'-T4CB> 3,3',4,4',5-P5CB> 3,3',4,4',5,5'-H6CB。此外，与陆地哺乳动物相比，海洋哺乳动物代谢共面 PCB 的能力似乎较低。在人体脂肪组织中，共面 PCB 的浓度远高于 2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并-对二恶英 (T4CDD)、2,3,4,7,8-五氯二苯并呋喃 (P5CDF) 和其他有毒同系物。基于酶诱导效力和这些有毒化学物质残留的“T4CDD 等效”分析表明，3,3',4,4',5-P5CB 可能比二恶英和呋喃对人类甚至野生动物造成更大的毒性威胁。
Isomer-specific determinations of PCB congeners in a wide variety of animal species such as fish, marine mammals (whale, dolphin and porpoise) and terrestrial mammals (dog, cat and human) revealed the environmental occurrence of highly toxic coplanar 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (T4CB), 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (P5CB) and 3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (H6CB) within a range of few pg g−1to several ten ng g−1in fat tissues (except fish) on a wet weight basis. Detection of these toxic residues in wild specimens collected from remote areas such as the North Pacific suggests the already widespread distribution of coplanar PCBs as in the case of general PCB pollution. The clear positive correlations between concentrations of total PCBs and each of the three coplanar PCBs obtained in all mammals analysed suggest that the sources of coplanar PCB contamination to the environment are mainly commercial PCB preparations. Comparison of the composition of three toxic coplanar PCBs in commercial PCB mixtures and in the various animals indicates the relative metabolisability of these congeners as follows: 3,3′,4,4′-T4CB> 3,3′,4,4′,5-P5CB> 3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-H6CB. Moreover, marine mammals seem to have lower potency to metabolise the coplanar PCBs in comparison with terrestrial mammals. In human adipose tissues, the concentrations of coplanar PCBs were found to be much higher than 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (T4CDD), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (P5CDF) and other toxic congeners. ‘T4CDD-equivalent’ analysis based on the enzyme induction potencies and the residues of these toxic chemicals indicates that 3,3′,4,4′,5-P5CB may impose a greater toxic threat than dioxins and furans to the humans and probably to wildlife also.