Exploring the Diversity and Antimicrobial Potential of Marine Actinobacteria from the Comau Fjord in Northern Patagonia, Chile.
Exploring the Diversity and Antimicrobial Potential of Marine Actinobacteria from the Comau Fjord in Northern Patagonia, Chile.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.01135
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Cámara B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Undabarrena A;Beltrametti F;Claverías FP;González M;Moore ER;Seeger M;Cámara B
峡湾环境中的海洋细菌由于其独特的地理特征而具有生物勘探的吸引力。虽然放线菌是众所周知的生产无数的生物活性化合物，有关峡湾衍生的海洋放线菌的调查是稀缺的。在这项研究中，放线菌的多样性和生物技术潜力的海洋沉积物内的科马峡湾，在北方智利巴塔哥尼亚分离，文化为基础的方法进行了评估。16S rRNA基因序列显示，在科马峡湾的微球菌科，皮肤杆菌科，短杆菌科，棒状杆菌科，微杆菌科，Dietziaceae，诺卡氏菌科，和链霉菌科家族的成员在遗传上相关。通过仅使用五种不同的分离培养基，检索到可培养放线菌（10属）的高多样性。节杆菌属、短杆菌属、棒状杆菌属和库克氏菌属的4个分离物16SrRNA基因同源性<98.7%，表明它们是新种。评价了作为盐耐受性、人工海水需求量、生长温度、色素沉着和抗菌活性等生理特征。节杆菌属、短杆菌属、短杆菌属、红球菌属和链霉菌属菌株对革兰氏阴性铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌以及革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌均表现出较强的抑制作用。在短杆菌属、短杆菌属和红球菌属中的抗微生物活性几乎没有报道，这表明非菌丝体菌株是生物活性化合物的合适来源。此外，所有菌株都携带至少一种编码NRPS（91%）、PKS I（18%）和PKS II（73%）的生物合成基因。我们的研究结果表明，科马峡湾是一个有前途的来源，新的放线菌与生物技术的潜力，生产生物活性化合物。
Bioprospecting natural products in marine bacteria from fjord environments are attractive due to their unique geographical features. Although, Actinobacteria are well known for producing a myriad of bioactive compounds, investigations regarding fjord-derived marine Actinobacteria are scarce. In this study, the diversity and biotechnological potential of Actinobacteria isolated from marine sediments within the Comau fjord, in Northern Chilean Patagonia, were assessed by culture-based approaches. The 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that members phylogenetically related to the Micrococcaceae, Dermabacteraceae, Brevibacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceae, Microbacteriaceae, Dietziaceae, Nocardiaceae, and Streptomycetaceae families were present at the Comau fjord. A high diversity of cultivable Actinobacteria (10 genera) was retrieved by using only five different isolation media. Four isolates belonging to Arthrobacter, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium and Kocuria genera showed 16S rRNA gene identity <98.7% suggesting that they are novel species. Physiological features such as salt tolerance, artificial sea water requirement, growth temperature, pigmentation and antimicrobial activity were evaluated. Arthrobacter, Brachybacterium, Curtobacterium, Rhodococcus, and Streptomyces isolates showed strong inhibition against both Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes. Antimicrobial activities in Brachybacterium, Curtobacterium, and Rhodococcus have been scarcely reported, suggesting that non-mycelial strains are a suitable source of bioactive compounds. In addition, all strains bear at least one of the biosynthetic genes coding for NRPS (91%), PKS I (18%), and PKS II (73%). Our results indicate that the Comau fjord is a promising source of novel Actinobacteria with biotechnological potential for producing biologically active compounds.