Ethological Evaluation of the Effects of Social Defeat Stress in Mice: Beyond the Social Interaction Ratio.
Ethological Evaluation of the Effects of Social Defeat Stress in Mice: Beyond the Social Interaction Ratio.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00364
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Queiroz CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henriques-Alves AM;Queiroz CM
在啮齿类动物中，反复暴露于不可避免的攻击，然后持续的感官治疗可以导致长期的社会厌恶。慢性社会失败压力模型探索了这种现象，它已被用作人类抑郁症的动物模型。然而，一些作者质疑是否会出现混淆效应，因为该模型也会促进焦虑相关行为。尽管它被广泛接受，但大多数研究从被击败的动物的行为中提取的信息有限。通常情况下，社会刺激周围的正常占用，互动区，被视为抑郁症的指标。我们假设这个参数不足以完全描述这种形式的压力的行为后果。使用行为学的方法，我们表明，反复的社会失败延迟表达的社会调查长（10分钟）会议的社会互动。此外，防御行为的发生率，包括伸展-注意姿势和高速撤退，在失败的小鼠中显著高于对照组。有趣的是，一个亚群的失败小鼠表现出周期性和非习惯性的拉伸-出席姿势和持续飞行在整个会议期间。基于防御行为创建了两个指数，以表明只有反复飞行与蔗糖摄入量相关。总之，本研究证实了这样一种观点，即这种社会压力模型可以沉淀出无数不容易解开的行为。我们建议在社会互动测试中进行长时间（>150 s）和详细的行为学评估，以提供足够的信息来正确分类失败的动物对社会失败压力的恢复力和易感性。
In rodents, repeated exposure to unavoidable aggression followed by sustained sensory treat can lead to prolonged social aversion. The chronic social defeat stress model explores that phenomenon and it has been used as an animal model for human depression. However, some authors have questioned whether confounding effects may arise as the model also boosts anxiety-related behaviors. Despite its wide acceptance, most studies extract limited information from the behavior of the defeated animal. Often, the normalized occupancy around the social stimulus, the interaction zone, is taken as an index of depression. We hypothesized that this parameter is insufficient to fully characterize the behavioral consequences of this form of stress. Using an ethological approach, we showed that repeated social defeat delayed the expression of social investigation in long (10 min) sessions of social interaction. Also, the incidence of defensive behaviors, including stretched-attend posture and high speed retreats, was significantly higher in defeated mice in comparison to controls. Interestingly, a subpopulation of defeated mice showed recurrent and non-habituating stretched-attend posture and persistent flights during the entire session. Two indexes were created based on defensive behaviors to show that only recurrent flights correlates with sucrose intake. Together, the present study corroborates the idea that this model of social stress can precipitate a myriad of behaviors not readily disentangled. We propose that long sessions (>150 s) and detailed ethological evaluation during social interaction tests are necessary to provide enough information to correctly classify defeated animals in terms of resilience and susceptibility to social defeat stress.