Vibreaker: Securing Vibrational Pairing with Deliberate Acoustic Noise
Vibreaker: Securing Vibrational Pairing with Deliberate Acoustic Noise
复制标题
Vibreaker：确保振动与特意噪声的配对
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Nitesh Saxena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Anand;Nitesh Saxena
无线设备之间的配对可以通过使用诸如音频、视频或振动的辅助通道来确保。一种简单的配对方法涉及其中一个设备发起通过辅助信道向另一个设备传输密钥或密钥材料(如短密码)。当接收设备能够无差错地解码密钥，而攻击者不能窃听密钥时，就实现了成功的配对。本文主要研究用于密钥传输的振动通道的安全性。如最近的一些工作所示，通过清晰的振动通道发送密钥材料会带来声学侧通道攻击的重大风险。具体地说，攻击者可以监听发送设备的振动电机产生的声学声音，并高精度地推断密钥材料。为了对抗这一威胁，我们提出了一种新的配对方案，称为ViBreer(一种“振动说话者”)，它包括主动注入声学噪声以掩蔽关键信号。在该方案中，发送设备在通过振动传输密钥材料的同时，在原本清晰的音频通道中人为地注入噪声。我们对噪声信号的几种选择进行了实验，并证明了当使用适当的噪声时，ViBreker显著增强了音频通道的安全性。该方案不需要用户额外的努力，并且施加了最低的硬件要求，因此可以应用于许多不同的环境，例如物联网与植入的设备、可穿戴设备和其他商用设备的配对。
Pairing between wireless devices may be secured by the use of an auxiliary channel such as audio, visuals or vibrations. A simple approach to pairing involves one of the devices initiating the transmission of a key, or keying material like a short password, over the auxiliary channel to the other device. A successful pairing is achieved when the receiving device is able to decode the key without any errors while the attacker is unable to eavesdrop the key. In this paper, we focus on the security of the vibration channel when used for the key transmission. As shown in some recent work, sending the keying material over a clear vibrational channel poses a significant risk of an acoustic side channel attack. Specifically, an adversary can listen onto the acoustic sounds generated by the vibration motor of the sending device and infer the keying material with a high accuracy. To counteract this threat, we propose a novel pairing scheme, called Vibreaker (a ``Vibrating speaker'), that involves active injection of acoustic noise in order to mask the key signal. In this scheme, the sending device artificially injects noise in the otherwise clear audio channel while transmitting the keying material via vibrations. We experiment with several choices for the noise signal and demonstrate that the security of the audio channel is significantly enhanced with Vibreaker when appropriate noise is used. The scheme requires no additional effort by the user, and imposes minimum hardware requirement and hence can be applied to many different contexts, such as pairing of IoT and implanted devices, wearables and other commodity gadgets.