Canines as sentinel species for assessing chronic exposures to air pollutants:: Part 1.: Respiratory pathology
Canines as sentinel species for assessing chronic exposures to air pollutants:: Part 1.: Respiratory pathology
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/toxsci/61.2.342
复制
发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Devlin, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calderón-Garcidueñas, L;Mora-Tiscareño, A;Devlin, B
城市地区的环境空气中存在着复杂的空气污染物混合物。人类、动物和植被长期和连续地暴露于室外污染物，这两项研究中的第一项研究的目的是通过光学和电子显微镜评估墨西哥城狗的肺部，并将结果与墨西哥3个污染较轻的城市进行比较。研究了152只临床健康的流浪杂种犬（91只雄性/61只雌性），其中43只来自3个污染较轻的城市，109只来自西南和东北大都市墨西哥城（SWMMC，NEMMC）。生活在墨西哥城和库埃尔纳瓦卡的狗的肺表现出斑片状慢性单核细胞浸润，沿着巨噬细胞负载颗粒物质（PM），围绕细支气管壁并延伸到邻近的血管结构;细支气管上皮和平滑肌增生，细支气管周围纤维化，微血栓，毛细血管和小静脉多形核白细胞（PMN）边集，在肺泡I型和II型细胞中观察到超细PM，内皮细胞、间质巨噬细胞（M θ）和血管内MB样细胞。支气管肺泡灌洗显示大量的肺泡巨噬细胞正在增殖，暴露于污染物的复杂混合物-主要是颗粒物和臭氧-引起由持续炎症过程诱导的肺结构变化，并导致气道和血管重塑和修复改变，两者释放的细胞因子，响应内皮和上皮损伤的循环炎性和驻留肺细胞可能在本文所述的病理学中起作用。人们对暴露于墨西哥城环境的儿童肺部疾病可能日益增加深表关切。
A complex mixture of air pollutants is present in the ambient air in urban areas. People, animals, and vegetation are chronically and sequentially exposed to outdoor pollutants, The objective of this first of 2 studies is to evaluate by light and electron microscopy the lungs of Mexico City dogs and compare the results to those of 3 less polluted cities in Mexico. One hundred fifty-two clinically healthy stray mongrel dogs (91 males/61 females), including 43 dogs from 3 less polluted cities, and 109 from southwest and northeast metropolitian Mexico City (SWMMC, NEMMC) were studied. Lungs of dogs living in Mexico City and Cuernavaca exhibited patchy chronic mononuclear cell infiltrates along with macrophages loaded with particulate matter (PM) surrounding the bronchiolar walls and extending into adjacent vascular structures; bronchiolar epithelial and smooth muscle hyperplasia, peribronchiolar fibrosis, microthrombi, and capillary and venule polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) margination, Ultrafine PM was seen in alveolar type I and II cells, endothelial cells, interstitial macrophages (M theta), and intravascular MB-like cells. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed significant numbers of alveolar macrophages undergoing proliferation, Exposure to complex mixtures of pollutants-predominantly particulate matter and ozone-is causing lung structural changes induced by the sustained inflammatory process and resulting in airway and vascular remodeling and altered repair, Cytokines released from both, circulating inflammatory and resident lung cells in response to endothelial and epithelial injury may be playing a role in the pathology described here. Deep concern exists for the potential of an increasing rise in lung diseases in child populations exposed to Mexico City's environment.