Coronavirus entry: how we arrived at SARS-CoV-2.

Coronavirus entry: how we arrived at SARS-CoV-2.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2021.02.006
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发表时间:
2021-04
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Millet JK
Millet JK
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Whittaker GR;Daniel S;Millet JK

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由于COVID-19大流行,新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2在2020年成为科学研究的焦点,其刺突(S)蛋白成为主要焦点。S蛋白可能是所有病毒糖蛋白中最复杂的,并且是免疫应答和病毒致病的关键因素。它也是决定病毒进入机制的驱动力,这对冠状病毒来说是高度“可塑性”的,允许不同细胞类型中不同病毒变体和毒株的过多选择。在这里,我们回顾了冠状病毒条目作为当前SARS-CoV-2工作的基础。我们专注于后受体结合事件和细胞通路,直接基因组传递所需的膜融合事件,包括S蛋白水解引发和激活。我们还讨论了对病毒进化和治疗发展重要的进入过程的各个方面。
Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has risen to shape scientific research during 2020, with its spike (S) protein being a predominant focus. The S protein is likely the most complicated of all viral glycoproteins and is a key factor in immunological responses and virus pathogenesis. It is also the driving force dictating virus entry mechanisms, which are highly ‘plastic’ for coronaviruses, allowing a plethora of options for different virus variants and strains in different cell types. Here we review coronavirus entry as a foundation for current work on SARS-CoV-2. We focus on the post-receptor binding events and cellular pathways that direct the membrane fusion events necessary for genome delivery, including S proteolytic priming and activation. We also address aspects of the entry process important for virus evolution and therapeutic development.
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