Pathogenesis of Chiari Malformation: A Morphometric Study of the Posterior Cranial Fossa
Pathogenesis of Chiari Malformation: A Morphometric Study of the Posterior Cranial Fossa
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DOI：
10.1177/19714009990120s226
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发表时间：
1996-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Nishikawa;H. Sakamoto;A. Hakuba;N. Nakanishi;Y. Inoue
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Nishikawa;H. Sakamoto;A. Hakuba;N. Nakanishi;Y. Inoue
为了探讨颅后窝过度拥挤作为成人型基亚里畸形的发病机制，我们形态计量学研究了脑干和小脑的颅后窝以及枕骨，同时考虑到他们的胚胎发育。与对照组相比，基亚里组PFBV/PFCV的“体积比”明显增大，枕叶三个部位（枕底、枕外、枕上）明显变小，小脑幕明显变陡。在后颅窝脑体积或后脑（脑干和小脑）的轴向长度方面没有显著差异。这些结果表明，在成人型基亚里畸形的枕骨发育不全，可能是由于枕体节发育不全起源于轴旁中胚层，诱导过度拥挤的后颅窝，其中包含正常发育的后脑，和继发性小脑扁桃体疝入椎管。
To investigate overcrowding in the posterior cranial fossa as the pathogenesis of adult type Chiari malformation, we morphometrically studied the brainstem and cerebellum within the posterior cranial fossa as well as the occipital bone while taking into consideration their embryological development. Compared with the control group, the Chiari group had a significantly larger “volume ratio” as PFBV/PFCV, the three occipital enchondral parts (the basiocciput, exocciput and supraocciput) were significantly smaller and the tentorium was much steeper. There was no significant difference in the posterior fossa brain volume or in the axial lengths of the hindbrain (the brainstem and cerebellum). These results suggest that in adult type Chiari malformation an underdeveloped occipital bone, possibly due to underdevelopment of the occipital somite originating from the paraxial mesoderm, induces overcrowding in the posterior cranial fossa which contains the normally developed hindbrain, and secondary the cerebellar tonsils herniate into the spinal canal.