Mucosal Prevalence and Interactions with the Epithelium Indicate Commensalism of Sutterella spp.
Mucosal Prevalence and Interactions with the Epithelium Indicate Commensalism of Sutterella spp.
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粘膜患病率和与上皮的相互作用表明Sutterella spp的相称。
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.01706
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Satokari R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hiippala K;Kainulainen V;Kalliomäki M;Arkkila P;Satokari R
沙特氏菌经常与人类疾病有关，如自闭症、唐氏综合症和炎症性肠病(IBD)，但这些细菌对健康的影响尚不清楚。特别是苏特氏菌的相互作用。与宿主的关系在很大程度上是未知的，尽管该物种非常普遍。在这项研究中，我们研究了三种已知的苏特氏菌与肠上皮细胞的相互作用，并检测了它们的粘附性，对肠屏障功能和体外促炎能力的影响。我们还研究了健康人和乳糜泻(CED)或IBD患者的肠道活检组织中苏特氏菌和瓦氏苏特氏菌的相对丰度和流行率。结果表明，苏特氏菌属(Sutterella spp.)在健康成人的十二指肠中含量丰富，向结肠的倾斜度递减。儿童IBD或CED患者与健康对照组相比，Sutterella感染率差异无统计学意义。细小苏特氏菌的粘附性好于其他两种苏特氏菌。对分化的Caco-2细胞有抑制作用，能减少沃兹沃斯链霉菌对粘液和人细胞外基质蛋白的黏附。此外，只有沃兹沃斯链霉菌才能诱导肠上皮细胞产生白介素8，这可能是由于不同物种之间的脂多糖结构不同所致。然而，与非致病性大肠杆菌相比，它的促炎活性是温和的。苏特氏菌属对体外培养的肠细胞单层完整性无影响。我们的发现表明，Sutterella属的成员是广泛流行的共生菌，在人类胃肠道具有温和的促炎能力，并不显著地促进与微生物区系失调和变形杆菌增加相关的上皮动态平衡的破坏。苏特氏菌的致病能力。粘附肠上皮细胞表明它们可能具有免疫调节作用。
Sutterella species have been frequently associated with human diseases, such as autism, Down syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the impact of these bacteria on health still remains unclear. Especially the interactions of Sutterella spp. with the host are largely unknown, despite of the species being highly prevalent. In this study, we addressed the interaction of three known species of Sutterella with the intestinal epithelium and examined their adhesion properties, the effect on intestinal barrier function and the pro-inflammatory capacity in vitro. We also studied the relative abundance and prevalence of the genus Sutterella and Sutterella wadsworthensis in intestinal biopsies of healthy individuals and patients with celiac disease (CeD) or IBD. Our results show that Sutterella spp. are abundant in the duodenum of healthy adults with a decreasing gradient toward the colon. No difference was detected in the prevalence of Sutterella between the pediatric IBD or CeD patients and the healthy controls. Sutterella parvirubra adhered better than the two other Sutterella spp. to differentiated Caco-2 cells and was capable of decreasing the adherence of S. wadsworthensis, which preferably bound to mucus and human extracellular matrix proteins. Furthermore, only S. wadsworthensis induced an interleukin-8 production in enterocytes, which could be due to different lipopolysaccharide structures between the species. However, its pro-inflammatory activity was modest as compared to non-pathogenic Escherichia coli. Sutterella spp. had no effect on the enterocyte monolayer integrity in vitro. Our findings indicate that the members of genus Sutterella are widely prevalent commensals with mild pro-inflammatory capacity in the human gastrointestinal tract and do not contribute significantly to the disrupted epithelial homeostasis associated with microbiota dysbiosis and increase of Proteobacteria. The ability of Sutterella spp. to adhere to intestinal epithelial cells indicate that they may have an immunomodulatory role.