Schizotypy and individual differences in the frequency of normal associations in verbal utterances
Schizotypy and individual differences in the frequency of normal associations in verbal utterances
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DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2007.06.009
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Manschreck, Theo C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lenzenweger, Mark F.;Miller, Allison B.;Manschreck, Theo C.
背景：最近的经验证据 [Maher, B.A.、Manschreck, T.C.、Linnert, J.、Candela, S., 2005。对精神分裂症患者和健康对照者言语中正常关联频率的定量评估。精神分裂症研究 78, 219-224] 表明，通过客观的计算机程序测量，精神分裂症患者在口头言语中产生规范思维关联的比例较高。一个重要的理论问题是，这种联想活动率的升高是否仅仅是由于精神病所致，还是可以在没有精神病史的精神分裂型受试者中发现。方法：我们假设精神分裂特征应该与联想表现相关，特别是与阳性症状类似的精神分裂特征。本研究检查了心理测量识别的精神分裂型受试者 (n=25) 和正常对照组 (n=29) 受试者的联想表现。我们研究了与联想表现指数相关的精神分裂型人格特征的个体差异。结果：规范联想水平与总体精神分裂型特征相关，特别是那些涉及现实扭曲和混乱的特征。回归分析显示，较高水平的混乱特征和较低水平的负面分裂特征是联想表现指数变化的唯一原因。偏相关分析表明，负性精神分裂特征维度可能作为抑制变量，调节解体与规范关联水平之间的关系。结论：无精神病史的个体中与解体相关的精神分裂特征与规范关联水平升高相关。这种关系很可能受到负面精神分裂特征的调节。这些数据支持那些被认为患有精神分裂症（或者更广泛地说，精神病）风险较高的人存在超联想过程。我们的研究结果支持使用客观测量来测量联想表现的效用，并表明联想表现可能是一种内表型 [Gottesman, L, Gould, T., 2003。精神病学中的内表型概念：词源学和战略意图。美国精神病学杂志 160, 636-645] 精神分裂症。 (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Background: Recent empirical evidence [Maher, B.A., Manschreck, T.C., Linnert, J., Candela, S., 2005. Quantitative assessment of the frequency of normal associations in the utterances of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Schizophrenia Research 78, 219-224] shows that schizophrenia patients produce an elevated rate of normative thought associations in verbal utterances as measured by an objective computerized procedure. An important theoretical question concerns whether such an elevated rate of associative activity is due merely to psychosis, or can it be found in schizotypic subjects with no prior history of psychosis.Methods: We hypothesized that schizotypic features should be cot-related with associative performance, especially the positive symptom-like schizotypic features. The present study examined associative performance in psychometrically-identified schizotypic subjects (n=25) and normal control (n=29) subjects. We studied individual differences in schizotypal personality features in relation to the associative performance index.Results: Level of normative associations was correlated with total schizotypic features, particularly those involving reality distortion and disorganization. Regression analysis revealed higher levels of disorganization features and lower levels of negative schizotypal features uniquely accounted for variation in the associative performance index. Partial correlation analysis suggested that the negative schizotypic features dimension may function as a suppressor variable moderating the relationship between disorganization and level of normative associations.Conclusions: Disorganization-related schizotypal features among individuals with no prior history of psychosis are correlated with elevated levels of normative associations. This relationship is most likely moderated by negative schizotypic features. These data support the presence of hyperassociative processes in those deemed to be at elevated risk for schizophrenia (or, more broadly perhaps, psychosis). Our findings support the utility of measuring associative performance using an objective measure and suggest that associative performance may be an endophenotype [Gottesman, L, Gould, T., 2003. The endophenotype concept in psychiatry: etymology and strategic intentions. American Journal of Psychiatry 160, 636-645] for schizophrenia. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.