Psychotopologies: Closing the Circuit between Psychic and Material Space
Psychotopologies: Closing the Circuit between Psychic and Material Space
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心理拓扑学：关闭心理空间和物质空间之间的回路
DOI：
10.1068/d11910
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Secor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Virginia L. Blum;A. Secor
在本文中，我们提出了对空间的精神分析理解的论点。虽然弗洛伊德努力摆脱自己早期通过大脑定位来描绘心理的前精神分析尝试，但他发现自己在整个职业生涯中都被迫使用空间语言和地形模型。在他的矛盾心理中，弗洛伊德强调心灵的空间应该被解读为隐喻。我们认为，弗洛伊德苦苦挣扎的地形模型受到欧几里得空间度量的限制。心灵是空间的，而不是地形的。对于雅克·拉康来说，弗洛伊德所描述的许多心理操作（比如移情）可以用拓扑操作来更好地理解。拉康使用诸如环面、十字帽和Möbius条这样的图形来证明主体是如何通过内部排斥和外部包容而形成的。利用弗洛伊德著名的鼠人案例，我们认为神经症患者的旅程表明他试图克服一个心理空间问题，一个类似于拓扑难题的问题。通过鼠人的故事，我们展示了拉康的主体拓扑（r -图式作为交叉帽）是如何解释Möbius扭曲的，这种扭曲允许神经症患者将在时间和空间上明显分离的人、事件和地点定位在同一个地方。最后，我们考虑欧几里得空间上的拓扑学的有用性，以建立对空间的理解，同时是精神的和物质的。
In this paper we present an argument for a psychoanalytic understanding of space. While Freud struggled to move away from his own early prepsychoanalytic attempts at mapping the psyche through cerebral localization, he nevertheless found himself compelled to use spatial language and topographical models throughout his career. In his ambivalence, Freud emphasized that the space of the psyche should be read as no more than metaphorical. We argue that the topographical models that Freud struggled with were constrained by the metrics of Euclidean space. The psyche is spatial, just not in topographical terms. For Jacques Lacan many of the psychic operations that Freud described (such as the transference) are better understood in terms of topological operations. Lacan uses such figures as the torus, the cross-cap, and the Möbius strip to demonstrate how the subject is formed through internal exclusions and external inclusions. Using Freud's famous case of the Rat Man, we argue that the neurotic's journey shows him seeking to overcome a psychospatial problem, one that resembles a topological conundrum. Through the Rat Man's story, we demonstrate how Lacan's topology of the subject (the R-schema as cross-cap) accounts for the Möbius twist that allows the neurotic to situate people, events, and places that are apparently separated in time and space in the same place. Ultimately, we consider the usefulness of topology over Euclidean space for building an understanding of space that is at once psychic and material.