Body ownership causes illusory self-attribution of speaking and influences subsequent real speaking
Body ownership causes illusory self-attribution of speaking and influences subsequent real speaking
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1414936111
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发表时间：
2014-12-09
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Slater, Mel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banakou, Domna;Slater, Mel
当我们实施一个行为时，我们通常会把这个行为归因于我们自己，也就是主体感。对能动性的解释包括有意识的事先行动意图，然后观察感官后果;大脑活动，包括对后果的前馈预测，结合快速反向运动预测，以在真实的时间内微调行动;启动，例如，执行行为的事先命令;先于结果（行为结果）的原因（行为意图）;满足物理因果关系的常识性归因规则。我们描述了一个实验，参与者错误地将一个行为归因于自己的条件下，显然不能用这些理论来解释。一个真人大小的虚拟身体（VB），从第一人称的角度来看，在3D立体，好像取代了真实的身体，被用来诱导的所有权的VB的错觉。44名实验参与者中有一半经历了与自己的动作同步的VB动作（sync），另一半经历了异步的VB动作（asynchronous）。VB，在镜子里看到，与相应的嘴唇运动，并为一半的参与者，这是伴随着同步振动触觉刺激甲状软骨（冯），但这不是这样的另一半。经历同步的参与者错误地将说话归因于他们自己，并且还将他们后来的话语的基本频率转向刺激声音。冯也为这些结果做出了贡献。我们发现，这些发现可以解释目前的代理理论，所有权的VB的关键作用被考虑在内。
When we carry out an act, we typically attribute the action to ourselves, the sense of agency. Explanations for agency include conscious prior intention to act, followed by observation of the sensory consequences; brain activity that involves the feed-forward prediction of the consequences combined with rapid inverse motor prediction to fine-tune the action in real time; priming where there is, e.g., a prior command to perform the act; a cause (the intention to act) preceding the effect (the results of the action); and common-sense rules of attribution of physical causality satisfied. We describe an experiment where participants falsely attributed an act to themselves under conditions that apparently cannot be explained by these theories. A life-sized virtual body (VB) seen from the first-person perspective in 3D stereo, as if substituting the real body, was used to induce the illusion of ownership over the VB. Half of the 44 experimental participants experienced VB movements that were synchronous with their own movements (sync), and the other half asynchronous (async). The VB, seen in a mirror, spoke with corresponding lip movements, and for half of the participants this was accompanied by synchronous vibrotactile stimulation on the thyroid cartilage (Von) but this was not so for the other half. Participants experiencing sync misattributed the speaking to themselves and also shifted the fundamental frequency of their later utterances toward the stimulus voice. Von also contributed to these results. We show that these findings can be explained by current theories of agency, provided that the critical role of ownership over the VB is taken into account.