Debris-bed friction during glacier sliding with ice–bed separation

Debris-bed friction during glacier sliding with ice–bed separation
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冰川滑动过程中冰床分离过程中的碎屑床摩擦

DOI:
10.1017/aog.2019.46
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Zoet, Lucas K.
Zoet, Lucas K.
中科院分区:
地球科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Iverson, Neal R.;Helanow, Christian;Zoet, Lucas K.

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理论和实验表明,在冰川滑过二维硬床时,冰床的分离会导致基面剪应力在特定的滑移速度下达到最大值,并在较高速度下减小。我们使用LliBoutry(1968)的滑动理论来探讨滑动冰中碎屑颗粒与岩层之间的摩擦如何影响剪应力与滑动速度之间的关系。颗粒-床接触力和相关的碎屑摩擦力随着滑动速度的增加而增加,这是因为冰层与上冰川面向表面的会聚速度增加。然而,随着空洞的增长,床层减小区域上的碎屑摩擦抵消了这种影响。因此,单独来自泥沙的摩擦力仅随滑移速度的增加而略有增加,而对于直径大于60 mm的泥沙颗粒,泥沙摩擦力随着滑移速度的增加而达到峰值并减小。对滑动关系的影响是使其上升的肢体变陡,并将其剪应力峰值移动到略高的速度。这些结果排除了大于~15%的碎屑摩擦对空穴大小和碎石浓度的影响,表明碎石在冰中的作用是增加了底部剪应力,但并不显著改变滑动关系的形式。
Theory and experiments indicate that ice–bed separation during glacier slip over 2-D hard beds causes basal shear stress to reach a maximum at a particular slip velocity and decrease at higher velocities. We use the sliding theory of Lliboutry (1968) to explore how friction between debris particles in sliding ice and a rock bed affects this relationship between shear stress and slip velocity. Particle–bed contact forces and associated debris friction increase with increasing slip velocity, owing to increased rates of ice convergence with up-glacier facing surfaces. However, debris friction on diminished areas of the bed counteracts this effect as cavities grow. Thus, friction from debris alone increases only slightly with slip velocity, and for sediment particles larger than ~60 mm in diameter, debris friction peaks and decreases with increasing slip velocity. The effect on the sliding relationship is to steepen its rising limb and shift its shear stress peak to a slightly higher velocity. These results, which exclude the effect of debris friction on cavity size and debris concentrations above ~15%, indicate that the effect of debris in ice is to increase basal shear stress but not significantly change the form of the sliding relationship.
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