EXPLORING COMMUNICATION, TRUST IN GOVERNMENT, AND VACCINATION INTENTION LATER IN THE 2009 H1N1 PANDEMIC: RESULTS OF A NATIONAL SURVEY
EXPLORING COMMUNICATION, TRUST IN GOVERNMENT, AND VACCINATION INTENTION LATER IN THE 2009 H1N1 PANDEMIC: RESULTS OF A NATIONAL SURVEY
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DOI：
10.1089/bsp.2012.0048
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kim, Kevin H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quinn, Sandra Crouse;Parmer, John;Kim, Kevin H.
随着人们日益认识到风险沟通在突发公共卫生事件中的关键作用，一些文章提供了规范的最佳做法来加强这种沟通。然而，很少有实证研究考察人们对沟通质量的看法、不确定性对不断变化的沟通的影响、信息源的使用以及对特定政府发言人的信任。同样，尽管人们在概念上把重点放在信任和沟通在疫苗接种意向和接受度上，但很少有研究从经验上探索这些关系。我们在2010年1月下旬进行了一项在线调查，样本为具有全国代表性的样本(N=2,079)，其中包括西班牙裔和非裔美国人的过多样本。完成率为56%。我们发现，公共卫生官员是最受信任的发言人，奥巴马总统是最受信任的民选官员。包括种族在内的人口统计变量解释了总统信任度差异的21%。对沟通质量的看法很高，包括对不确定性的深刻理解，以及对官员对不断变化的信息的开放态度的赞赏。其他有助于接受疫苗接种的因素是密切关注新闻的沟通质量，以及由于奥巴马女儿接种疫苗的模范效应而对疫苗的信心；这些因素显著增加了人们对政府行动的信任。由于在大流行期间，传播方面的挑战往往各不相同，因此始终需要密切关注传播内容和传播，并使各级公共卫生官员做好成为有效传播者的准备。
With the growing recognition of the critical role that risk communication plays in a public health emergency, a number of articles have provided prescriptive best practices to enhance such communication. However, little empirical research has examined perceptions of the quality of communication, the impact of uncertainty on changing communication, use of information sources, and trust in specific government spokespersons. Similarly, although there is significant conceptual focus on trust and communication as important in vaccination intent and acceptance, little research has explored these relationships empirically. We conducted an online survey in late January 2010 with a nationally representative sample (N=2,079) that included Hispanic and African American oversamples. The completion rate was 56%. We found that public health officials were the most trusted spokespersons, with President Obama being the most highly trusted elected official. Demographic variables, including race, accounted for 21% of the variance in trust of the president. Perceptions of the quality of communication were high, including significant understanding of uncertainty and appreciation for officials' openness about evolving information. Other factors that contributed to vaccination acceptance were quality of communication, closely following the news, and confidence in the vaccine because of a role model effect of the Obama daughters' immunizations; these factors significantly increased trust in government actions. Because the challenges of communication often vary over the course of a pandemic, there is a consistent need to pay close attention to both communication content and delivery and prepare public health officials at all levels to be effective communicators.