Lack of startle modulation by smoking cues in smokers.
Lack of startle modulation by smoking cues in smokers.
复制标题
吸烟者缺乏吸烟暗示的惊吓调节。
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-003-1715-4
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Jouvent,R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Orain-Pelissolo,S;Grillon,C;Perez-Diaz,F;Jouvent,R
惊吓反射方法学已被用于研究尼古丁对人体的影响以及吸烟线索对吸烟者的激励作用。然而，没有其他研究研究吸烟者与不吸烟者相比，吸烟线索对惊吓的调制作用。在其他研究中，吸烟者或吸烟者与不吸烟者之间没有直接的比较。目的本研究的目的是检验吸烟者和非吸烟者在呈现与吸烟相关的线索后的信息加工的时间进程。方法根据DSM-IV，选择34名吸烟者和34名非吸烟者。在测试过程中，受试者观看了电脑屏幕上显示的中性图片和与吸烟有关的图片。在图片开始后的不同时间(60、120或5000ms)给予声惊厥刺激，以检测铅刺激的抑制和启动的情感调节。结果吸烟者的惊厥反射抑制程度高于非吸烟者，在60ms和120ms时。结论我们发现吸烟线索对两组受试者的惊吓反射都没有影响，即使与先前的研究结果一致，吸烟者的脉冲前抑制程度高于非吸烟者。这些结果表明，吸烟线索对尼古丁消费的积极强化没有影响，认知因素在烟草依赖的形成和维持中起着主要作用。
RationaleThe startle reflex methodology has been used to study the effects of nicotine in humans and the motivational effects of smoking cues in smokers. However, no other studies investigate startle modulation by smoking cues in smokers compared to non-smokers. In the other studies, smoking deprivation was manipulated in smokers or smokers were not compared directly to non-smokers.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to examine the temporal course of information processing following the presentation of a smoking-related cue using the startle probe methodology in smokers compared to non-smokers.MethodsThirty-four smokers were selected on the basis of nicotinic dependence according to the DSM-IV, and compared to 34 non-smokers. During testing, subjects viewed neutral pictures and smoking related pictures displayed on a computer screen. Acoustic startle stimuli were delivered at various times after picture onset (60, 120 or 5000 ms) to examine inhibition by lead stimulus and the affective modulation of startle.ResultsThe magnitude of startle reflex inhibition increased in smokers compared to non-smokers, at 60 and 120 ms. In all, there was no Picture×Group interaction effect.ConclusionWe showed that smoking cues have no impact on the startle reflex of either group, even if, in line with previous results, prepulse inhibition was higher in smokers than non-smokers. These results suggest that smoking cues have no effect on the positive reinforcement of nicotine consumption, and that cognitive factors play a primary role in the development and maintenance of tobacco dependence.