Direct development in African squeaker frogs (Anura: Arthroleptidae: Arthroleptis) reveals a mosaic of derived and plesiomorphic characters
Direct development in African squeaker frogs (Anura: Arthroleptidae: Arthroleptis) reveals a mosaic of derived and plesiomorphic characters
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非洲吱吱蛙（无尾蛙：节肢动物科：节肢动物）的直接发育揭示了派生特征和拟形特征的镶嵌
DOI：
10.1007/s13127-017-0335-5
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Müller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schweiger;Naumann;Larson;Möckel;Müller
Direct development has evolved independently several times in anurans and direct-developing species are characterized by large-scale developmental repatterning and a complete, or near complete, absence of most tadpole-specific structures. Earlier studies stressed the similarities among different direct-developing species, but more recent studies have indicated differences in the reduction of tadpole-specific structures among different taxa. Here, we describe egg deposition, clutch characteristics and embryonic development of the direct-developing squeaker frogs of the genusArthroleptis, providing the first detailed description of direct development in Arthroleptidae. Embryonic development inArthroleptisis characterized by the presence of an opercular fold that still encloses the developing forelimbs, the absence of external gills and an only moderately extended tail. A comparison with published information on other direct-developing anurans reveals broad dissimilarities in the formation of an opercular fold and very different tail morphology among different taxa. An egg tooth, often considered characteristic of direct-developing anurans, seems to be restricted to New World Terrarana. The embryonic diversity seen in direct-developing anuran taxa argues against simplistic assumptions about the evolution of direct development.
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