Bias against disconfirmatory evidence in the 'at-risk mental state' and during psychosis
Bias against disconfirmatory evidence in the 'at-risk mental state' and during psychosis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.028
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发表时间：
2016-04-30
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Zink, Mathias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisenacher, Sarah;Rausch, Franziska;Zink, Mathias
先前的研究已经证实了对精神分裂症中与妄想相关的不确定性证据（BADE）的偏见。然而，其在精神病发病机制中的作用尚不清楚。其目的是首次在患有精神病高危精神状态（ARMS）的受试者、未经抗精神病治疗的首次精神病发作患者（FEP）和健康对照（HC）中研究BADE。一个标准的BADE测试提出了书面的情况。此外，心理评定量表和神经心理测试电池。一个三阶段的图像被揭示出来。与其他组相比，FEP患者显示出显著的BADE。ARMS患者的表现介于HC和FEP患者之间。在FEP患者中，对确证性证据（BACE）的偏倚有明显的显著性趋势。结果不归因于抗精神病药或其他药物或抑郁症状。与妄想的相关性达到中等效应量，但在Bonferroni校正后没有显著性。这些结果提供了证据整合的证据在精神病的发病机制畸变，并有助于我们的知识，元认知功能，可用于（Meta）认知干预精神病。(C)2016爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Prior studies have confirmed a bias against disconfirmatory evidence (BADE) in schizophrenia which has been associated with delusions. However, its role in the pathogenesis of psychosis is yet unclear. The objective was to investigate BADE for the first time in subjects with an at-risk-mental-state for psychosis (ARMS), patients with a first episode of psychosis without antipsychotic treatment (FEP) and healthy controls (HC). A standard BADE test presenting written scenarios was employed. In addition, psychometric rating scales and a neuropsychological test battery were applied. A three-staged image was revealed. FEP-patients showed a significant BADE compared to the other groups. The performance of ARMS-patients lay in between HC and FEP-patients. A trend towards significance became evident for a bias against confirmatory evidence (BACE) in FEP-patients. Results were not attributable to antipsychotic or other medication or depressive symptoms. Correlations with delusions reached medium effect sizes but failed significance after Bonferroni-corrections. These results provide evidence for aberrations in evidence integration in the pathogenesis of psychosis and contribute to our knowledge of metacognitive functioning which can be used for (meta-)cognitive intervention in psychosis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.