Northeast Pacific eelgrass fish communities characterized by environmental DNA represent local diversity and show habitat specificity
Northeast Pacific eelgrass fish communities characterized by environmental DNA represent local diversity and show habitat specificity
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以环境 DNA 为特征的东北太平洋鳗草鱼群落代表了当地多样性并表现出栖息地特异性
DOI：
10.1002/edn3.431
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stachowicz, John J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beatty, Deanna S.;Deen, Emma;Gross, Collin;Stachowicz, John J.
鱼类生物多样性是生态系统健康的一个重要指标，也是加州马林县雷斯角国家海岸内的一个浅水河口埃斯特罗的国家公园服务的优先事项。然而，在2016年至2017年德雷克斯埃斯特罗内拆除牡蛎养殖基础设施后，鱼类多样性尚未得到描述。我们使用环境DNA（eDNA）来表征鱼类生物多样性内德雷克埃斯特罗。我们用MiFish引物扩增了鱼的eDNA，并用12S rRNA参考数据库对序列进行了分类。我们确定了110个独特的业务分类单位（OTU，在97%的相似性）在河口的40个样本在4个站点。从这110个OTU中，我们确定了9种和13个分类组在属，科，目，或类的水平内的河口。由于缺乏MiFish引物针对我们地区42%的鳗草鱼类的代表性序列，物种水平的分配受到限制，我们从东北太平洋（NEP）从埃尔克霍恩斯劳到洪堡湾的文献综述中确定了这些鱼类。尽管存在这种限制，我们还是通过我们的eDNA调查确定了一些常见的德雷克埃斯特罗鱼，包括三棘鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus），太平洋鹿角杜父鱼（Leptocottus armatus），冲浪鱼（Embiototocorphae），虾虎鱼（Gobiidae）和猎犬鲨（Triakidae）。我们还比较了河口内的鱼类生物多样性与附近的Limantour海滩，沿海网站。Limantour海滩的群落组成与Drakes埃斯特罗不同，其特征是高相对丰度的鱼（Engraulissp.）和鲱鱼（Clupeasp.）。因此，我们可以通过eDNA调查区分河口和非河口站点（<10 km）。此外，eDNA调查占更大的鱼类多样性比围网调查在河口内的一个网站进行。环境DNA调查可能是一个有用的工具，监测鱼类生物多样性在东北太平洋的鳗草河口，特别是随着参考数据库变得更好地填充区域物种。
Fish biodiversity is an important indicator of ecosystem health and a priority for the National Park Service in Drakes Estero, a shallow estuary within Point Reyes National Seashore, Marin County, California. However, fish diversity has yet to be described following the removal of oyster aquaculture infrastructure within Drakes Estero from 2016 to 2017. We used environmental DNA (eDNA) to characterize fish biodiversity within Drakes Estero. We amplified fish eDNA with MiFish primers and classified sequences with a 12S rRNA reference database. We identified 110 unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs, at 97% similarity) within the estuary from 40 samples across 4 sites. From these 110 OTUs, we identified 9 species and 13 taxonomic groups at the genus, family, order, or class level within the estuary. Species‐level assignments are limited by a lack of representative sequences targeted by the MiFish primers for 42% of eelgrass fishes in our region that we identified from a literature review in the Northeast Pacific (NEP) from Elkhorn Slough to Humboldt Bay. Despite this limitation, we identified some common Drakes Estero fishes with our eDNA surveys, including the three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Pacific staghorn sculpin (Leptocottus armatus), surfperches (Embiotocidae), gobies (Gobiidae), and a hound shark (Triakidae). We also compared fish biodiversity within the estuary with that from nearby Limantour Beach, a coastal site. Limantour beach differed in community composition from Drakes Estero and was characterized by high relative abundances of anchovy (Engraulissp.) and herring (Clupeasp.). Thus, we can distinguish estuarine and non‐estuarine sites (<10 km away) with eDNA surveys. Further, eDNA surveys accounted for greater fish diversity than seine surveys conducted at one site within the estuary. Environmental DNA surveys will likely be a useful tool to monitor fish biodiversity across eelgrass estuaries in the Northeast Pacific, especially as reference databases become better populated with regional species.