Modulation of Social Influence by Methylphenidate
Modulation of Social Influence by Methylphenidate
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2011.337
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Roepstorff, Andreas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell-Meiklejohn, Daniel K.;Simonsen, Arndis;Roepstorff, Andreas
从他人的反应中推断价值的能力是一种普遍而重要的能力，但我们对神经生物学知之甚少。通常，社会学习使一个人的价值观和行为与他的社会群体所认为的正常行为相匹配。这就是所谓的从众。价值的一致性与依赖于最佳儿茶酚胺水平的认知共享的神经活动相关，但儿茶酚胺参与一致性尚未得到实证检验。哌醋甲酯（MPH）是一种间接多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素激动剂，通常用于治疗注意缺陷多动障碍，根据同伴和权威人士的评估，它可以减少不良行为，表明从众性增加。我们假设MPH可能会增加价值的一致性。总共有38名健康成年女性接受单次口服20mg MPH或安慰剂（PL）。每个受试者对153张面孔的可信度进行评分，然后立即对一组同伴的平均评分进行评分。经过30分钟和两回连续工作记忆任务后，研究对象被意外地要求再次对所有的面孔进行评分。两组人都倾向于改变他们对社会规范的评价。中等社会冲突后，MPH组表现出两倍于PL组的从众效应，而大社会冲突后则没有这种效应。这表明MPH可能会增强信号，否则这些信号太弱而无法引起一致性。MPH不影响2-back性能。我们提供了一种新的神经认知机制的工作假设，通过这种机制，MPH减少了社会破坏性行为，并提供了儿茶酚胺介导社会学习的新证据。神经精神药理学（2012）37,1517-1525；doi: 10.1038 / npp.2011.337;2012年2月8日在线发布
The ability to infer value from the reactions of other people is a common and essential ability with a poorly understood neurobiology. Commonly, social learning matches one's values and behavior to what is perceived as normal for one's social group. This is known as conformity. Conformity of value correlates with neural activity shared by cognitions that depend on optimum catecholamine levels, but catecholamine involvement in conformity has not been tested empirically. Methylphenidate (MPH) is an indirect dopamine and noradrenalin agonist, commonly used for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder for which it reduces undesirable behavior as evaluated by peers and authority figures, indicative of increased conformity. We hypothesized that MPH might increase conformity of value. In all, 38 healthy adult females received either a single oral 20 mg dose of MPH or placebo (PL). Each subject rated 153 faces for trustworthiness followed immediately by the face's mean rating from a group of peers. After 30 min and a 2-back continuous-performance working-memory task, subjects were unexpectedly asked to rate all the faces again. Both the groups tended to change their ratings towards the social norm. The MPH group exhibited twice the conformity effect of the PL group following moderate social conflict, but this did not occur following large conflicts. This suggests that MPH might enhance signals that would otherwise be too weak to evoke conformity. MPH did not affect 2-back performance. We provide a new working hypothesis of a neurocognitive mechanism by which MPH reduces socially disruptive behavior and provides novel evidence of catecholamine mediation of social learning. Neuropsychopharmacology (2012) 37, 1517-1525; doi: 10.1038/npp.2011.337; published online 8 February 2012