Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1976 through 1994
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1976 through 1994
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.89.1.14
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Margolis, HS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McQuillan, GM;Coleman, PJ;Margolis, HS
目标.分析了2次全国健康与营养调查（NHANES），NHANES II（1976-1980）和NHANES III（1988-1994）的数据，以检查美国B型肝炎感染的流行趋势。检测患者血清中B型肝炎病毒感染标志物，并从患者血清中确定危险因素。在NHANES II中，B型肝炎病毒感染的总体年龄校正患病率为5.5%（95%置信区间[Cr] =4.8，6.2），而在NHANES III中为4.9%（95% CI = 4.3，5.6）。在这两项调查中，黑人参与者的感染率最高（NHANES II，15.8%; NHANES III，11.9%）。在两次调查中，除了50岁以上的人感染率下降外，在主要种族群体中没有发现感染率的差异。黑人种族、终生性伴侣数量的增加和外国出生与B型肝炎病毒感染有最强的独立关联。对2项国家调查参与者的检测表明，尽管有B型肝炎疫苗，但B型肝炎病毒感染没有显著减少。
Objectives. Data from 2 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), NHANES II (1976-1980) and NHANES III (1988-1994), were analyzed to examine trends in the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the United States.Methods. Serum specimens were tested for markers of hepatitis B virus infection, and risk factors were determined from questionnaires.Results. The overall age-adjusted prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was 5.5% (95% confidence interval [Cr] =4.8, 6.2) in NHANES II, as compared with 4.9% (95% CI = 4.3, 5.6) in NHANES III. In both surveys, Black participants had the highest prevalence of infection (NHANES II, 15.8%; NHANES III, 11.9%). No differences in infection were found in the major racial groups between surveys, except for a decrease among those older than 50 years. Black race, increasing number of lifetime sexual partners, and foreign birth had the strongest independent associations with hepatitis B virus infection.Conclusions. Testing of participants in 2 national surveys demonstrates no significant decrease in hepatitis B virus infection, despite the availability of hepatitis B vaccine.