Prescribing of Controlled Medications to Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States
Prescribing of Controlled Medications to Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2010-0791
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Halterman, Jill S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fortuna, Robert J.;Robbins, Brett W.;Halterman, Jill S.
目的：青少年和年轻人的非医疗使用处方药已经超过了除大麻以外的所有非法药物，但对处方模式知之甚少。我们调查了15至19岁的青少年和20至29岁的年轻人的控制药物处方。方法：我们使用了2005年至2007年间全国门诊医疗调查（N = 4304名医生）和全国医院门诊医疗调查（N = 2805个诊所；N = 1051个急诊科）的横断面数据。我们还使用了1994年以来的连续数据来描述趋势。结果：2007年，230万名青少年和780万名年轻人就诊时开具了对照药物。1994年至2007年间，青少年（6.4%-11.2%）和年轻人（8.3%-16.1%）的就诊比例不断增加（趋势P < 0.001）。这种增加在男性和女性、流动办公室和急诊科以及与伤害相关和非伤害相关的就诊中都有观察到（P < 0.001）。9.6%的青少年就诊和13.8%的年轻人就诊与非伤害相关，14.5%的青少年就诊和27.0%的年轻人就诊与伤害相关。青少年（23.4%）和年轻人（36.9%）在常见疾病（如背痛）的就诊中，有相当大比例的人开了对照药物。结论：在青少年和青壮年就诊中，处方对照药物的比例相当大，处方率自1994年以来几乎翻了一番。这一趋势及其与药物滥用的关系值得进一步研究。儿科2010;126:1108 - 1116
OBJECTIVE: The nonmedical use of prescription drugs by adolescents and young adults has surpassed all illicit drugs except marijuana, yet little is known about prescribing patterns. We examined the prescribing of controlled medications to adolescents aged 15 to 19 and young adults aged 20 to 29.METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (N = 4304 physicians) and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (N = 2805 clinics; N = 1051 emergency departments) between 2005 and 2007. We also used consecutive data from 1994 to describe trends.RESULTS: A controlled medication was prescribed at 2.3 million visits by adolescents and 7.8 million visits by young adults in 2007. Between 1994 and 2007, controlled medications were prescribed at an increasing proportion of visits from adolescents (6.4%-11.2%) and young adults (8.3%-16.1%) (P < .001 for trend). This increase was seen among males and females, in ambulatory offices and emergency departments, and for injury-related and non-injury-related visits (all P < .001). A controlled medication was prescribed during 9.6% of all adolescent visits and 13.8% of young-adult visits for non-injury-related indications and at 14.5% of adolescent visits and 27.0% of young-adult visits for injury-related reasons. Controlled medications were prescribed at a substantial proportion of visits for common conditions, such as back pain, to both adolescents (23.4%) and young adults (36.9%).CONCLUSIONS: Controlled medications are prescribed at a considerable proportion of visits from adolescents and young adults, and prescribing rates have nearly doubled since 1994. This trend and its relationship to misuse of medications warrants further study. Pediatrics 2010;126:1108-1116