Putting the system back into systems change: a framework for understanding and changing organizational and community systems
Putting the system back into systems change: a framework for understanding and changing organizational and community systems
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DOI：
10.1007/s10464-007-9109-0
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Yang, Huilan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster-Fishman, Pennie G.;Nowell, Branda;Yang, Huilan
制度变革已经成为一个主导框架，地方、州和国家的资助者和实践者在广泛的领域通过这些框架开展工作。在大多数这些努力中，改革推动者和学者努力改变人类服务和社区系统，以创造更好和更公正的结果，并改善现状。尽管如此，学者、实践者和资助者缺乏框架来帮助他们从系统的角度理解、设计和评估这一过程。本文提供了一个基于系统思考和变更文献的框架，用于理解和确定有助于解释系统功能和利用系统变更的基本系统部件和相互依赖关系。拟议的框架强调了关注一个系统内的深层和表面结构以及这些系统各部分之间的相互作用和相互依存关系的重要性。这包括关注主导的规范性、资源性、规范性和操作性特征，这些特征决定了系统成员的行为和生活经验。还讨论了让关键利益相关者参与问题定义、边界构建和系统分析的价值。讨论了这一框架对系统变化研究人员和实践者的影响。
Systems change has emerged as a dominant frame through which local, state, and national funders and practitioners across a wide array of fields approach their work. In most of these efforts, change agents and scholars strive to shift human services and community systems to create better and more just outcomes and improve the status quo. Despite this, there is a dearth of frameworks that scholars, practitioners, and funders can draw upon to aid them in understanding, designing, and assessing this process from a systemic perspective. This paper provides one framework-grounded in systems thinking and change literatures-for understanding and identifying the fundamental system parts and interdependencies that can help to explain system functioning and leverage systems change. The proposed framework highlights the importance of attending to both the deep and apparent structures within a system as well as the interactions and interdependencies among these system parts. This includes attending to the dominant normative, resource, regulative, and operational characteristics that dictate the behavior and lived experiences of system members. The value of engaging critical stakeholders in problem definition, boundary construction, and systems analysis are also discussed. The implications of this framework for systems change researchers and practitioners are discussed.