A survey of tobacco dependence treatment services in 36 countries
A survey of tobacco dependence treatment services in 36 countries
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02443.x
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
McNeill, Ann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raw, Martin;Regan, Susan;McNeill, Ann
本文报告了对36个国家的国家烟草依赖治疗服务的调查结果。其目的是根据《烟草控制框架公约》第14条的要求描述这些服务并讨论结果，该条要求各国促进对烟草依赖的适当治疗。我们从36个国家的联系人那里收到了完成的问卷。调查工具是一份10项问卷，询问治疗政策和实践，包括药物。根据我们的调查对象，在我们调查的国家中，只有不到一半的国家有官方的书面政策（44%）或政府官员负责治疗（49%）。只有19%的人有专门的国民待遇制度，只有24%的人说在一般实践中很容易获得帮助。大多数国家（94%）允许销售尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）、安非他酮（75%）和伐尼克兰（69%），但只有40%的国家允许NRT "一般销售“。对这一问题作出答复的国家很少全额偿还任何药物。不到一半（45%）的人完全报销了简短的建议，只有29%的人完全报销了密集的专家支持。只有31%的国家表示其官方治疗政策包括在医疗记录中强制记录患者的吸烟状况。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，很少有国家拥有完善的烟草依赖治疗服务，并且在国家层面上，治疗在大多数国家尚未成为优先事项。
This paper reports the results of a survey of national tobacco dependence treatment services in 36 countries. The objective was to describe the services and discuss the results in the context of Article 14 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which asks countries to promote adequate treatment for tobacco dependence.A questionnaire on tobacco dependence treatment services was e-mailed to a convenience sample of contacts in 2007. Completed questionnaires were received from contacts in 36 countries.The survey instrument was a 10-item questionnaire asking about treatment policy and practice, including medications.According to our informants, fewer than half the countries in our survey had an official written policy on (44%), or a government official responsible for (49%), treatment. Only 19% had a specialized national treatment system and only 24% said help was easily available in general practice. Most countries (94%) allowed the sale of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion (75%) and varenicline (69%) but only 40% permitted NRT on 'general sale'. Very few countries responding to the question fully reimbursed any of the medications. Fewer than half (45%) fully reimbursed brief advice and only 29% fully reimbursed intensive specialist support. Only 31% of countries said that their official treatment policy included the mandatory recording of patients' smoking status in medical notes.Taken together, our findings show that few countries have well-developed tobacco dependence treatment services and that, at a national level, treatment is not yet a priority in most countries.