Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City
Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City
复制标题
被驱逐：美国城市的贫困与利润
DOI：
10.1086/692433
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
D. Harding
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Harding
将关系主体性的思想与尼克拉斯·卢曼的系统理论松散地编织在一起的书评--我放弃了。世界在flAmes。我们需要对正在发生的事情做出好的、清晰的、准确的和强有力的解释，这样我们才能fi出如何明智地向前推进。也许社会学家会读一些批判性现实主义，并受到启发，做出她或他否则不会有的精彩解释。要是那样就好了。但这两本书都不能令人信服地证明，批判现实主义是通往社会学真理的王道。被驱逐：美国城市中的贫困和亲fit。作者：马修·德斯蒙德。《纽约：皇冠出版社》，2016。PP.X1420。28美元。加州大学伯克利分校的大卫·J·哈丁，马修·德斯蒙德的《被驱逐的人》是fi第一部也是最重要的一部关于贫困日常经历的民族志，其独特的焦点是住房不稳定和住房质量的原因和顺序。与之前关注特定社区的贫困民族志不同，这本书描绘了八个贫困家庭，包括黑人和白人，以及两个将公寓、房屋或拖车房出租给穷人的房东。追踪这些研究对象在密尔沃基多年的经历，细致地揭示了驱逐对于当代贫穷经历的核心重要性。这些论点也得到了其他数据来源的支持，包括对租户的调查和住房法院的行政记录。简而言之，在阅读《驱逐》时，人们不可能不得出这样的结论：驱逐及其后果在诱捕贫困个人和家庭方面发挥着核心作用。尽管在有关住房和贫困的公共和学术讨论中，公共住房和住房代金券是重点，但Eicted指出，大多数穷人在私人租赁市场上自食其力，令人惊讶的是，在这个市场上，不同社区的租金几乎没有变化，对于试图依靠低薪工作或公共援助度日的家庭来说，几乎没有任何选择是负担得起的。出租给这类家庭的房东很少指望能一直收到全额租金，结果是，这类家庭可用的公寓、房屋和拖车通常处于长期失修状态，包括管道损坏、无法操作的电器和炉子以及破碎的门窗。政府在很多方面都是来自市场的，对违反建筑法规的行为几乎没有积极的执行，几乎没有资源用于经济适用房，也几乎没有对租金进行监管。然而，当国家真的发挥作用时，它会以压倒性的姿态反对租户。警方记录的滋扰投诉促使驱逐，治安官执行驱逐，儿童福利机构在家庭无家可归或住在不安全的住房时带走孩子，复杂的住房法院有利于房东这些内容从2017年6月30日上午10：30：27下载自169.229.151.152，所有使用均受芝加哥大学新闻条款和条件的约束(http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/t-and-c).
Book Reviews that loosely weaves together ideas of relational subjectivity with the systems theory of Niklas Luhmann—I gave up. The world is in flames. We need good, clear, accurate, and powerful ex- planations for what’s happening so that we can figure out how to smartly move forward. Maybe a sociologist will read some critical realism and get inspired to produce a brilliant explanation she or he wouldn’t have other- wise. I hope so. But neither of these two books makes a convincing case that critical realism is the royal road to sociological truth. Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City. By Matthew Desmond. New York: Crown Publishers, 2016. Pp. xi1420. $28.00. David J. Harding University of California, Berkeley Matthew Desmond’s Evicted is first and foremost an ethnography about the daily experiences of poverty with a unique focus on the causes and con- sequences of housing instability and housing quality. Unlike prior poverty ethnographies that focus on a particular neighborhood, this book shadows eight poor families, both black and white, and two landlords who rent apartments, houses, or trailer homes to the poor. Following the experiences of these research subjects over multiple years in Milwaukee reveals in painstaking detail the central importance of eviction to the contemporary experience of being poor. These arguments are buttressed by other data sources as well, including surveys of renters and administrative records from housing court. In short, one cannot read Evicted without coming to the conclusion that eviction and its consequences play a central role in trap- ping individuals and families in poverty. Despite the focus on public housing and housing vouchers in public and academic discussions of housing and poverty, Evicted points out that most of the poor are on their own in the private rental market, one in which there is surprisingly little variation in rents across neighborhoods and almost no options that are anywhere near affordable for a family trying to get by on low-wage work or public assistance. Landlords who rent to such families can rarely count on consistently receiving the full payment of rent, and, as a result, the apartments, houses, and trailers available to such families are typically in chronic disrepair, including broken plumbing, inoperable appliances and furnaces, and broken doors and windows. The state is ab- sent from the market in many ways, with minimal proactive enforcement of building code violations, few resources devoted to affordable housing, and little regulation of rents. Yet when the state does play a role, it is over- whelmingly arrayed against the tenant. Nuisance complaints recorded by the police motivate evictions, sheriff’s deputies execute evictions, child wel- fare agencies take children away when families become homeless or live in unsafe housing, and the complexities of housing courts favor the landlord This content downloaded from 169.229.151.152 on June 30, 2017 10:30:27 AM All use subject to University of Chicago Press Terms and Conditions (http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/t-and-c).