Encoding of force increases and decreases by tibial campaniform sensilla in the stick insect, Carausius morosus
Encoding of force increases and decreases by tibial campaniform sensilla in the stick insect, Carausius morosus
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竹节虫 Carausius morosus 的胫骨钟状感器编码力的增加和减少
DOI：
10.1007/s00359-011-0647-4
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Schmitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Zill;A. Büschges;J. Schmitz
力的增加和减少的检测在电机控制中是重要的。实验进行了表征的结构和反应的胫骨钟形感器，通过表皮应变编码力的受体，在中间腿的竹节虫（Carausius morosus）。感器由不同的亚群组成。6A组感器位于股胫关节远端0.3mm处，具有椭圆形的表皮帽。6B组受体位于关节远端1 mm处，具有圆形帽。所有的感觉器显示方向性，相位紧张的反应，施加到胫骨的平面上的关节运动的力量。6B组感受器响应于在关节伸展方向上的力增加，而6A组感受器在这些力减小时放电。在关节屈曲方向上施加的力产生相反的感觉放电模式。所有的感受器都能精确地编码力的增量和减量的变化率。胫骨肌肉的收缩也产生选择性的、定向的感觉放电。各亚组的反射效应不同：6B组感受器兴奋胫骨伸肌和转子减压运动神经元，6A组感受器抑制胫骨伸肌和转子减压运动神经元。因此，胫骨钟状感器可以编码力的增加或减少，并有助于使运动输出适应负荷的变化。
Detection of force increases and decreases is important in motor control. Experiments were performed to characterize the structure and responses of tibial campaniform sensilla, receptors that encode forces through cuticular strains, in the middle leg of the stick insect (Carausius morosus). The sensilla consist of distinct subgroups. Group 6A sensilla are located 0.3 mm distal to the femoro-tibial joint and have oval shaped cuticular caps. Group 6B receptors are 1 mm distal to the joint and have round caps. All sensilla show directional, phasico-tonic responses to forces applied to the tibia in the plane of joint movement. Group 6B sensilla respond to force increases in the direction of joint extension while Group 6A receptors discharge when those forces decrease. Forces applied in the direction of joint flexion produce the reverse pattern of sensory discharge. All receptors accurately encode the rate of change of force increments and decrements. Contractions of tibial muscles also produce selective, directional sensory discharges. The subgroups differ in their reflex effects: Group 6B receptors excite and Group 6A sensilla inhibit tibial extensor and trochanteral depressor motoneurons. The tibial campaniform sensilla can, therefore, encode force increases or decreases and aid in adapting motor outputs to changes in load.
剪切力与负载地面反作用力的比率可能是对旋转和平移的自动姿势响应的方向调整的基础。
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Ting,LenaH;Macpherson,JaneM
通讯作者：
Macpherson,JaneM