Long-term photo-id and satellite tracking reveal sex-biased survival linked to movements in an endangered species
Long-term photo-id and satellite tracking reveal sex-biased survival linked to movements in an endangered species
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DOI：
10.1002/ecy.3027
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发表时间：
2020-03-30
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Hays, Graeme C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schofield, Gail;Klaassen, Marcel;Hays, Graeme C.
与人为威胁有关的性别偏见生存使人口处于危险之中。我们展示了长期数十年的照片识别（照片ID）与长期高分辨率（Fastloc-GPS）卫星遥测相结合的效用，以调查死亡率和运动模式之间的联系，为广泛的，濒危的海洋脊椎动物。使用超过18年的947个红海龟（Caretta caretta）的照片识别数据库，我们估计女性的年存活率（0.89; 95%置信区间[CI] 0.87-0.90）高于男性（0.73; 95% CI 0.67-0.78）。对于在多个繁殖季节进行卫星跟踪的雄性，100%（26/26）返回到同一繁殖地点，这表明计算出的较低雄性存活率可能不是由于迁移到其他地方繁殖。对雄性（n = 39）和雌性（n = 18）分别进行了10，111和2，524天的跟踪，揭示了繁殖季节外不同的栖息地使用模式：雄性倾向于占据更靠近海岸和更靠近繁殖地的觅食地，但由于它们通常每年繁殖一次，与雌性两年繁殖一次相比，雄性平均每年迁移更远。这些移动模式的差异可能通过增加与人为威胁的相互作用而导致男性死亡率较高。长期识别加上跟踪为估计其他广泛物种的存活率提供了很大的希望。
Sex-biased survival linked to anthropogenic threats places populations at risk. We show the utility of long-term multidecadal photo-identification (photo-id) combined with long-term high-resolution (Fastloc-GPS) satellite telemetry to investigate the links between mortality rates and patterns of movement for a wide-ranging, endangered marine vertebrate. Using a photo-identification database of 947 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) compiled over 18 yr, we estimated greater annual survival rates of females (0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87-0.90) compared to males (0.73; 95% CI 0.67-0.78). For males satellite-tracked across multiple breeding seasons, 100% (26 of 26) returned to the same breeding site, suggesting the calculated lower male survival rate was likely not due to emigration to breed elsewhere. 10,111 and 2,524 tracking days for males (n = 39 individuals) and females (n = 18 individuals), respectively, revealed different habitat-use patterns outside the breeding season: males tended to occupy foraging sites closer to shore and closer to breeding sites but, due to their generally annual breeding, compared to biennial breeding for females, males migrated further per year on average. These differences in movement patterns likely contribute to higher mortality in males through increased interaction with anthropogenic threats. Long-term identification coupled with tracking offers great promise for estimating the survival rates of other wide-ranging species.