Biological control of hog waste odor through stimulated microbial Fe(III) reduction
Biological control of hog waste odor through stimulated microbial Fe(III) reduction
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.71.8.4728-4735.2005
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Achenbach, LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coates, JD;Cole, KA;Achenbach, LA
恶臭控制和猪排泄物的处理已经抑制了整个美国养猪生产设施的扩张。猪粪便的气味主要与高浓度的挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）有关。在这里，我们表明，刺激铁（III）减少猪粪可以迅速去除恶臭化合物，并提高200%的甲烷产量。作为这些研究的一部分，我们列举了土著铁（III）减少人口的猪废物，并确定了该家庭的土杆菌科的成员作为优势物种。这些微生物的浓度高达2 × 10（5）个细胞g（-1）。几种Fe（III）还原剂的纯培养物，包括Geetrium metallerucens、Geetrium humireucens、Geetrium sulfurreducens、Geetrium grbiciae、Geothrix ferrireducens和Geovibrio ferrireducens，容易降解在猪粪中发现的部分或全部恶臭VFA。相比之下，希瓦氏藻没有降解任何这些化合物。我们分离出一种Fe（III）还原剂，Gesterol菌株NU，从主要的猪废物泻湖收集的材料。这种微生物降解了所有的恶臭VFA测试和容易生长在猪的废物与Fe（III）修正。当原废物与Fe（III）修订接种NU菌株，VFA含量迅速下降，相应的几乎完全去除的气味。相比之下，未经处理的废物没有Fe（III）或NU菌株表现出VFA含量的显着增加和pH值的快速下降。这项研究表明，Fe（III）补充剂与适当的生物强化相结合，提供了一种简单，具有成本效益的方法来消化和处理猪废物，消除了扩大猪肉生产设施的重大障碍。
Odor control and disposal of swine waste have inhibited expansion of swine production facilities throughout the United States. Swine waste odor is associated primarily with high concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Here, we demonstrate that stimulated Fe(III) reduction in hog manure can rapidly remove the malodorous compounds and enhance methane production by 200%. As part of these studies, we enumerated the indigenous Fe (III) -reducing population in swine waste and identified members of the family Geobacteraceae as the dominant species. These organisms were present at concentrations as high as 2 X 10(5) cells g(-1). Several pure cultures of Fe(III) reducers, including Geobacter metallireducens, Geobacter humireducens, Geobacter sulfurreducens, Geobacter grbiciae, Geothrix fermentans, and Geovibrio ferrireducens, readily degraded some or all of the malodorous VFAs found in swine manure. In contrast, Shewanella algae did not degrade any of these compounds. We isolated an Fe(III) reducer, Geobacter strain NU, from materials collected from primary swine waste lagoons. This organism degraded all of the malodorous VFAs tested and readily grew in swine waste amended with Fe(III). When raw waste amended with Fe(III) was inoculated with strain NU, the VFA content rapidly decreased, corresponding with an almost complete removal of the odor. In contrast, the raw waste without Fe(III) or strain NU showed a marked increase in VFA content and a rapid pH drop. This study showed that Fe(III) supplementation combined with appropriate bioaugmentation provides a simple, cost-effective approach to deodorize and treat swine waste, removing a significant impediment to the expansion of pork production facilities.