The development of visual expectations in the first year.
The development of visual expectations in the first year.
复制标题
第一年视觉期望的发展。
DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00223
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Betts,S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reznick,JS;Chawarska,K;Betts,S
期望的发展是通过使用视觉期望程序。在实验1中，128名6个月、9个月和12个月大的婴儿观看了两个40次的录像机械玩具序列，这些玩具出现在不同的位置。这些序列表示交替模式（即，ABAB）或复杂枢轴模式（即，ABCBABCB）。在实验2中，76名4、8和12个月大的婴儿看到了左右交替或上下交替。反应时间改善，预期的百分比增加之间的6和9个月的实验1和4和8个月的实验2，但此后没有。对枢轴序列和两个序列上的年幼婴儿的预测通常是不正确的（即，注视转移发生在刺激开始之前，但不指向即将到来的刺激）。我们的结论是，幼儿的期望反映了一定程度的一般或程序性知识，但目前尚不清楚，这种行为是否意味着具体的，明确的预期即将发生的事件。
The development of expectations was investigated by using the Visual Expectations Procedure. In Experiment 1, 128 infants aged 6‐, 9‐, and 12‐months‐old saw two 40‐trial sequences of a videotaped mechanical toy appearing in various locations. The sequences represented an alternation pattern (i.e., ABAB) or a complex pivot pattern (i.e., ABCBABCB). In Experiment 2, 76 infants aged 4‐, 8‐, and 12‐months‐old saw either a left‐right alternation or a top‐bottom alternation. Reaction time improved and the percentage of anticipations increased between 6 and 9 months in Experiment 1 and between 4 and 8 months in Experiment 2 but not thereafter. Anticipations for the pivot sequence and for younger infants on both sequences were often incorrect (i.e., gaze shifts occurred before stimulus onset but were not directed toward the upcoming stimulus). We conclude that young infants have expectations that reflect some degree of general or procedural knowledge, but it is not clear that this behavior implies specific, articulated expectations about upcoming events.