The touristic transformation of postcolonial states: human zoos, global tourism competition, and the emergence of zoo-managing states

The touristic transformation of postcolonial states: human zoos, global tourism competition, and the emergence of zoo-managing states
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后殖民国家的旅游转型:人类动物园、全球旅游竞争以及动物园管理国家的出现

DOI:
10.1080/14616688.2023.2231410
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Becklake S
Becklake S
中科院分区:
管理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Becklake S

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旅游业正在改变国家。然而,如何,以何种方式,以及有什么后果还有待充分的理论和质疑。本文通过问:旅游业如何治理和改造国家承担了这一任务?这对地方和人意味着什么?旅游业是一个具有巨大影响力的全球性流动系统。虽然这一体系能够治理和改造所有国家,但它在后殖民国家中具有特殊的共鸣。由于其历史上构建的经济依赖于国际旅游业,后殖民国家越来越多地概念化,代表和管理他们的领土/公民作为理想/安全的“旅游目的地”和“旅游数字”为国际主要是白色西方游客。我们认为,这表明后殖民国家制定了一种治理模式,这种模式可以追溯到人类动物园的殖民实践,因此,他们正在扮演竞争性的“动物园经理”。通过理论化和质问这种旅游国家的转变,我们揭示了后殖民国家的持续殖民性,以及公民如何经历,谈判和抵制。
Tourism is transforming states. Nevertheless, how, in what ways, and with what consequences has yet to be adequately theorised and interrogated. This paper takes up this task by asking: How does tourism govern and transform states? And, what does this mean for places and people? Tourism is a global mobilities system with immense power. While this system is capable of governing and transformingallstates, it has particular resonance in postcolonial states. Due to their historically constructed economic dependency on international tourism, postcolonial states are increasingly conceptualising, representing, and governing their territory/citizenry as desirable/safe ‘tourism destinations’ and ‘touristic figures’forinternational—primarily white Western—tourists. This, we argue, is indicative of postcolonial states enacting a mode of governance that harks back to the colonial practice of human zoos and, thus, that they are acting as competitive ‘zoo-managers’. Through theorising and interrogating this touristic state transformation we reveal the continued coloniality of postcolonial states and how this is being experienced, negotiated, and resisted by citizens.
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