Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.
Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.1001191
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发表时间：
2010-11-18
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Gifford RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Katzourakis A;Gifford RJ
整合到生殖系细胞的核基因组中可以导致逆转录病毒基因作为宿主等位基因的垂直遗传。对于其他病毒，生殖系整合很少被记录。尽管如此，我们通过对动物基因组进行系统的计算机筛选，确定了来自10个非逆转录病毒家族的内源性病毒元件（EVEs），包括双链RNA、逆转录DNA和分段RNA病毒的第一个内源性代表，以及哺乳动物基因组中的第一个内源性DNA病毒。系统发育和基因组分析EVES跨多个宿主物种揭示了新的信息的起源和进化的不同病毒组。此外，这里鉴定的几个元件编码完整的开放阅读框或表达为mRNA。对于灵长类谱系中的一个元素，我们提供了统计学上强有力的证据。我们的研究结果表明，来自所有已知病毒基因组类型和复制策略的遗传物质都可以进入动物生殖系，大大拓宽了古病毒学研究的范围，并表明从病毒到动物基因组的基因流比以前认识到的更重要的进化作用。自20世纪70年代以来，逆转录病毒序列在动物基因组中的存在已被认识到，但很容易解释为这些病毒整合到染色体DNA中作为其正常复制周期的一部分。然而，出乎意料的是，我们在动物基因组中发现了大量来自非逆转录病毒的不同序列。这些序列代表了所有已知的病毒基因组类型和复制策略，对这些序列的分析揭示了有关病毒进化历史的新信息，在许多情况下为它们的古老起源提供了第一个也是唯一的直接证据。此外，我们提供的证据表明，这些序列之一的功能已在宿主基因组中保持了数百万年，提高了捕获的病毒序列可能在宿主进化中发挥了比预期更大的作用。
Integration into the nuclear genome of germ line cells can lead to vertical inheritance of retroviral genes as host alleles. For other viruses, germ line integration has only rarely been documented. Nonetheless, we identified endogenous viral elements (EVEs) derived from ten non-retroviral families by systematic in silico screening of animal genomes, including the first endogenous representatives of double-stranded RNA, reverse-transcribing DNA, and segmented RNA viruses, and the first endogenous DNA viruses in mammalian genomes. Phylogenetic and genomic analysis of EVEs across multiple host species revealed novel information about the origin and evolution of diverse virus groups. Furthermore, several of the elements identified here encode intact open reading frames or are expressed as mRNA. For one element in the primate lineage, we provide statistically robust evidence for exaptation. Our findings establish that genetic material derived from all known viral genome types and replication strategies can enter the animal germ line, greatly broadening the scope of paleovirological studies and indicating a more significant evolutionary role for gene flow from virus to animal genomes than has previously been recognized. The presence of retrovirus sequences in animal genomes has been recognized since the 1970s, but is readily explained by the fact that these viruses integrate into chromosomal DNA as part of their normal replication cycle. Unexpectedly, however, we identified a large and diverse population of sequences in animal genomes that are derived from non-retroviral viruses. Analysis of these sequences—which represent all known virus genome types and replication strategies—reveals new information about the evolutionary history of viruses, in many cases providing the first and only direct evidence for their ancient origins. Additionally, we provide evidence that the functionality of one of these sequences has been maintained in the host genome over many millions of years, raising the possibility that captured viral sequences may have played a larger than expected role in host evolution.
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影响因子：
16.8
作者：
Belshaw R;Gardner A;Rambaut A;Pybus OG
通讯作者：
Pybus OG
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Best, S;LeTissier, P;Stoye, JP
通讯作者：
Stoye, JP
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
BENVENISTE, RE;TODARO, GJ
通讯作者：
TODARO, GJ
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.93.2.759
发表时间：
1996-01-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Bejarano, ER;Khashoggi, A;Lichtenstein, C
通讯作者：
Lichtenstein, C
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0902925106
发表时间：
2009-07-21
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Dupressoir, Anne;Vernochet, Cecile;Heidmann, Thierry
通讯作者：
Heidmann, Thierry