From flavors and pharmaceuticals to advanced biofuels: production of isoprenoids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
From flavors and pharmaceuticals to advanced biofuels: production of isoprenoids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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DOI：
10.1002/biot.201300028
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发表时间：
2013-12
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Stefan Tippmann;Yun Chen;V. Siewers;J. Nielsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stefan Tippmann;Yun Chen;V. Siewers;J. Nielsen
类异戊二烯是植物界最大的一类化学物质，在食品和制药工业中有着广泛的应用。近年来，类异戊二烯也被认为是石油衍生燃料的适当替代品，因此可以促进向更可持续的社会过渡。为了实现类异戊二烯的生物燃料潜力，需要一个非常高效的生产系统。虽然复杂的化学结构以及自然界中丰度低表明了化学合成和植物提取的缺点，但可以通过基因工程微生物从可再生碳源中生产类异戊二烯。本文综述了类异戊二烯在香料、制药和先进生物燃料等领域的应用进展，并综述了微生物细胞工厂的设计策略，重点介绍了酿酒酵母生产这些化合物的方法。虽然生物合成途径的高度复杂性和某些类异戊二烯的毒性仍然是需要解决的挑战，但代谢工程已经使几种萜类化合物的大规模生产成为可能，因此，这些化合物的利用很可能在未来扩大。
Isoprenoids denote the largest group of chemicals in the plant kingdom and are employed for a wide range of applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. In recent years, isoprenoids have additionally been recognized as suitable replacements for petroleum-derived fuels and could thus promote the transition towards a more sustainable society. To realize the biofuel potential of isoprenoids, a very efficient production system is required. While complex chemical structures as well as the low abundance in nature demonstrate the shortcomings of chemical synthesis and plant extraction, isoprenoids can be produced by genetically engineered microorganisms from renewable carbon sources. In this article, we summarize the development of isoprenoid applications from flavors and pharmaceuticals to advanced biofuels and review the strategies to design microbial cell factories, focusing on Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of these compounds. While the high complexity of biosynthetic pathways and the toxicity of certain isoprenoids still denote challenges that need to be addressed, metabolic engineering has enabled large-scale production of several terpenoids and thus, the utilization of these compounds is likely to expand in the future.