Seroepidemiology of cholera in Gulf coastal Texas
Seroepidemiology of cholera in Gulf coastal Texas
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德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸霍乱血清流行病学
DOI：
10.1128/aem.54.7.1673-1677.1988
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
H. Dupont
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Hunt;W. Woodward;B. Keswick;H. Dupont
采用微量滴度法对559名来自德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸地区的志愿者的单血清样本进行了霍乱弧菌O1 （El - Tor生物型，稻叶血清型）的杀弧菌抗体检测。14%的受试者中存在较高水平的杀弧菌抗体。免疫球蛋白G酶联免疫吸附试验显示，6.8%的受试者对霍乱弧菌O1肠毒素的抗体水平升高。根据杀弧菌抗体和抗毒素抗体升高来定义的近期感染发生在1.3%的受试者中。当将报告布鲁氏菌感染、去过霍乱流行地区和/或在研究一年内接种霍乱疫苗的受试者从分析中剔除时，获得的近期感染流行率为0.89%。接触过海水者（渔民、捕虾者、商船和码头工人）的杀弧菌抗体滴度明显高于没有接触过海水者（P < 0.005）。此外，那些食用贝类的人的抗毒素抗体滴度明显高于不食用贝类的人。最后，越南受试者的杀弧菌抗体滴度显著高于非越南受试者。本研究结果表明，该地区存在霍乱弧菌感染的地方性疫源地。
Single serum samples from 559 volunteers from a Texas Gulf Coast area were examined for vibriocidal antibody to Vibrio cholerae O1 (biotype El Tor, serotype Inaba) by a microtiter method. Elevated levels of vibriocidal antibody were present in 14% of the subjects. Also, 6.8% of the subjects had elevated levels of antibody to the enterotoxin of V. cholerae O1 by the immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Recent infection, defined on the basis of elevations in both vibriocidal and antitoxin antibodies, had occurred in 1.3% of the subjects. When subjects who reported Brucella infection, travel to a cholera-endemic area, and/or cholera vaccination within a year of the study were removed from the analysis, a prevalence of recent infection of 0.89% was obtained. Significantly higher titers of vibriocidal antibody were found in those with exposure to seawater (fishermen, shrimpers, merchant marines, and dock workers) than in those without such exposure (P less than 0.005). Furthermore, titers of antitoxin antibody were significantly higher in those who consumed shellfish than in nonconsumers. Finally, titers of vibriocidal antibody were significantly higher in Vietnamese subjects than in non-Vietnamese subjects. The results of this study indicate that an endemic focus of infection with V. cholerae occurs in this area.