Clinopyroxene precursors to amphibole sponge in arc crust.

Clinopyroxene precursors to amphibole sponge in arc crust.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms5329
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发表时间:
2014-07-08
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Smith, Daniel J.
Smith, Daniel J.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Smith, Daniel J.

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弧火山下角闪孔堆积的形成是控制岩浆地球化学的关键因素,并形成含水下地壳。尽管从微量元素地球化学中被广泛推断为主要的下地壳相,但角闪孔既不丰富,也不常见,在弧熔岩和喷发的火山碎屑中作为斑晶相,促使一些作者将其称为“隐”分馏相。该研究为角闪洞的形成提供了证据,表明角闪洞是由早期斜辉石(一种几乎普遍存在于弧岩浆中的矿物)的演化熔体叠加而成的。斜辉石的反应置换最终形成花岗闪孔岩性。与角闪孔斑晶相比,反应取代角闪孔具有更原始的微量元素化学特征(例如,不相容的Pb浓度较低),但仍具有适合产生La/Yb和Dy/Yb“角闪孔海绵”特征的化学特征。在地壳的下“热区”,当熔体和糊状物之间的反应产生富含角闪石的组合时,角闪石可以隐蔽地分馏,而没有明显的角闪石斑晶成核和生长。基于火山套的微量元素地球化学研究表明,角闪洞是下地壳的一个主要阶段,尽管这些岩性的形成仍然是神秘的。在这里,作者提出了一种反应-替代机制来解释这种隐分馏是如何发生的。
The formation of amphibole cumulates beneath arc volcanoes is a key control on magma geochemistry, and generates a hydrous lower crust. Despite being widely inferred from trace element geochemistry as a major lower crustal phase, amphibole is neither abundant nor common as a phenocryst phase in arc lavas and erupted pyroclasts, prompting some authors to refer to it as a ‘cryptic’ fractionating phase. This study provides evidence that amphibole develops by evolved melts overprinting earlier clinopyroxene—a near-ubiquitous mineral in arc magmas. Reaction-replacement of clinopyroxene ultimately forms granoblastic amphibole lithologies. Reaction-replacement amphiboles have more primitive trace element chemistry (for example, lower concentrations of incompatible Pb) than amphibole phenocrysts, but still have chemistries suitable for producing La/Yb and Dy/Yb ‘amphibole sponge’ signatures. Amphibole can fractionate cryptically as reactions between melt and mush in lower crustal ‘hot zones’ produce amphibole-rich assemblages, without significant nucleation and growth of amphibole phenocrysts. Studies have suggested amphibole to be a major phase in the lower crust based on trace element geochemistry of volcanic suites, although the formation of these lithologies remains cryptic. Here, the author suggests a reaction-replacement mechanism to explain how this cryptic fractionation may occur.
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