National and state vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 years--United States, 2011.
National and state vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 years--United States, 2011.
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13-17 岁青少年的国家和州疫苗接种覆盖率——美国，2011 年。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Malarcher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Dube;R. Arrazola;Joann Lee;M. Engstrom;A. Malarcher
自2005年以来，免疫实践咨询委员会扩大了青少年常规疫苗接种计划，在11岁或12岁时接种以下疫苗：脑膜炎球菌结合物（MenACWY），2剂;破伤风、白喉、无细胞百日咳（Tdap），1剂;人乳头瘤病毒（HPV），3剂;流感，每年1剂。为了评估13-17岁青少年的疫苗接种覆盖率，CDC分析了全国青少年免疫调查（NIS-Teen）的数据。本报告总结了该评估的结果，结果表明，从2010年到2011年，10岁或10岁以后≥1剂Tdap的疫苗接种覆盖率增加（从68.7%至78.2%），≥1剂MenACWY（从62.7%至70.5%），女性中≥1剂HPV（从48.7%至53.0%）和≥3剂HPV（从32.0%至34.8%）。各州的疫苗接种覆盖率差别很大。增加青少年疫苗接种覆盖率的干预措施包括卫生保健提供者的强烈建议，敦促将每次健康访问视为接种疫苗的机会，减少自付费用，并使用提醒/召回系统。尽管青少年疫苗接种覆盖率有所增加，但青少年女性中≥1剂HPV疫苗接种率的百分比增幅不到≥1剂Tdap或MenACWY疫苗接种率增幅的一半。HPV疫苗覆盖率较低的原因是多方面的;需要解决错过的疫苗接种机会，以及继续评估疫苗接种促进举措，以保护青少年免受HPV相关癌症的侵害。
Since 2005, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has expanded the routine adolescent vaccination schedule with administration of the following vaccines at ages 11 or 12 years: meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY), 2 doses; tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis (Tdap), 1 dose; human papillomavirus (HPV), 3 doses; and influenza, 1 dose annually. To assess vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 years, CDC analyzed data from the National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen). This report summarizes the results of that assessment, which indicated that, from 2010 to 2011, vaccination coverage increased for ≥1 dose Tdap on or after age 10 years (from 68.7% to 78.2%), ≥1 dose MenACWY (from 62.7% to 70.5%), and, among females, for ≥1 dose of HPV (from 48.7% to 53.0%) and ≥3 doses of HPV (from 32.0 to 34.8%). Vaccination coverage varied widely among states. Interventions that increase adolescent vaccination coverage include strong recommendations from health-care providers, urging consideration of every health visit as an opportunity for vaccination, reducing out-of-pocket costs, and using reminder/recall systems. Despite increasing adolescent vaccination coverage, the percentage point increase in ≥1 dose HPV coverage among adolescent females was less than half that of the increase in ≥1 dose of Tdap or MenACWY. The causes of lower coverage with HPV vaccine are multifactorial; addressing missed opportunities for vaccination, as well as continued evaluation of vaccination-promoting initiatives, is needed to protect adolescents against HPV-related cancers.