During walking elders increase efforts at proximal joints and keep low kinetics at the ankle
During walking elders increase efforts at proximal joints and keep low kinetics at the ankle
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DOI：
10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.04.004
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Micera, Silvestro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monaco, Vito;Rinaldi, Lucio A.;Micera, Silvestro
背景：衰老和速度都会影响步态模式。由于大多数年轻人和老年人步行时的比较都是以不同的“自我选择”速度进行的，因此由于缺乏对两个伴随问题的影响的控制，结果可能会出现偏差。因此，需要进行进一步的研究，旨在分离两种变异源的影响。方法：九名年轻健康受试者和八名老年健康受试者在跑步机上行走，根据弗劳德数以五种标准化速度（0.5至1.3 m/s）行走。通过双因素（组和速度）方差分析，比较了各组之间以及五种速度中属于运动学和动力学模式的步数参数和峰值。结果：在使各组之间的步行速度具有可比性后，老年人在站立阶段的髋部和膝部同心力高于年轻受试者，尽管他们的踝关节跖屈肌动力学有所下降。运动学差异与动力学模式的修改一起发生。解释：由于近端和远端伸肌在步行过程中负责相同的功能任务（例如，稳定、躯干向前加速、对抗重力的身体支撑），因此衰老将涉及腿部关节之间不同的肌肉力量分配，从而增加近端伸肌的工作负荷。此外，当以受控和可比较的速度进行步态分析时，比以自选速度进行比较可以更好地查明每组受试者的特征。 (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Background: Both ageing and speed definitely affect gait patterns. Since most of the comparisons between young and elderly people while walking have been carried out at different "self-selected" speeds, results might be biased by a lack of control of the effects of both the concomitant issues. Therefore, further investigations aimed at separating the influence of both the sources of variability are required.Methods: Nine young and eight elderly healthy subjects walked on a treadmill at five normalised speeds according to the Froude Number, from 0.5 to 1.3 m/s. Step parameters and peaks belonging to kinematic and kinetic patterns have been compared between the groups and over the five speeds by the two-factor (Group and Speed) ANOVA.Findings: After making walking speed comparable between the groups, in elders, hip and knee concentric powers during the stance phase were higher than in young subjects despite their decreased ankle plantar-flexor kinetics. Kinematic differences occurred in conjunction with the modifications of the kinetic patterns.Interpretation: Since proximal and distal extensor muscles contribute to the same functional tasks during walking (e.g., stabilisation, forward acceleration of the trunk, body support against gravity), ageing would involve a different sharing of muscle efforts among leg joints, increasing the work load of the proximal extensor muscles. Moreover, gait analysis, when carried out at controlled and comparable speeds, can better pinpoint features of each group of subjects than the comparison at self-selected speed. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.