Bovine epizootic encephalomyelitis caused by Akabane virus in southern Japan.
Bovine epizootic encephalomyelitis caused by Akabane virus in southern Japan.
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DOI：
10.1186/1746-6148-4-20
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发表时间：
2008-06-13
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Yamakawa M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kono R;Hirata M;Kaji M;Goto Y;Ikeda S;Yanase T;Kato T;Tanaka S;Tsutsui T;Imada T;Yamakawa M
赤羽病毒是布尼亚病毒科正布尼亚病毒属的成员。它通过吸血节肢动物传播，如库蠓，广泛分布于世界的温带至热带地区。众所周知，该病毒是一种致畸病原体，可导致牛、绵羊和山羊流产、死胎、早产和先天性畸形，伴有关节弯曲-积水性无脑综合征。另一方面，据报道，该病毒很少通过出生后感染引起牛脑脊髓炎。2006年夏季至秋季，日本南部发生了牛赤羽病毒性脑脊髓炎的首次大规模流行。本研究的目的是确定该疾病的流行病学，病理学和病毒学特性。通过组织病理学分析，在肉牛和奶牛场的牛中观察到非化脓性脑脊髓炎，这些牛表现出神经系统症状，如共济失调、共济失调、角弓反张和超敏反应。从这些动物的中枢神经系统中一致地检测到赤羽病毒抗原和基因组，并且不仅从它们中而且从流行区临床健康小牛的血液样品中分离到病毒。这些分离物被分类为基因组Ia，含有Iriki菌株，该菌株在近20年前在日本引起小牛脑炎。大多数感染牛具有赤羽病毒的中和抗体。在一次疾病暴发期间，也证实了疫区同居牛和哨兵牛的血清转化。迄今为止，我们获得的生态和流行病学数据表明，赤羽病毒在日本不是地方病。2005年通过全国范围的血清学监测没有观察到赤羽病毒传播的证据，这表明2006年夏天，一种属于基因组Ia的新菌株从海外入侵日本南部，引起了前所未有的动物脑脊髓炎流行病，主要发生在易感小牛中。为了有效地控制该病，有必要重新考虑疫苗策略。
Akabane virus is a member of the genus Orthobunyavirus in the family Bunyaviridae. It is transmitted by hematophagous arthropod vectors such as Culicoides biting midges and is widely distributed in temperate to tropical regions of the world. The virus is well known as a teratogenic pathogen which causes abortions, stillbirths, premature births and congenital abnormalities with arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly syndrome in cattle, sheep and goats. On the other hand, it is reported that the virus rarely induces encephalomyelitis in cattle by postnatal infection. A first large-scale epidemic of Akabane viral encephalomyelitis in cattle occurred in the southern part of Japan from summer to autumn in 2006. The aim of this study is to define the epidemiological, pathological and virological properties of the disease. Nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis was observed in cattle that showed neurological symptoms such as astasia, ataxia, opisthotonus and hypersensitivity in beef and dairy farms by histopathological analysis. Akabane viral antigen and genome were consistently detected from the central nervous system of these animals, and the virus was isolated not only from them but also from the blood samples of clinically healthy calves in the epidemic area. The isolates were classified into genogroup I a containing the Iriki strain, which caused encephalitis of calves almost twenty years ago in Japan. Most of the affected cattle possessed the neutralizing antibody against Akabane virus. Seroconversion of the cohabitated and sentinel cattle in the epidemic area was also confirmed during an outbreak of the disease. The ecological and epidemiological data we have obtained so far demonstrated that the Akabane virus is not endemic in Japan. No evidence of Akabane virus circulation was observed in 2005 through nation-wide serological surveillance, suggesting that a new strain belonging to genogroup I a invaded southern Japan from overseas in the summer of 2006 and caused an unprecedented epizootic of encephalomyelitis mainly in susceptible calves. It will be necessary to reconsider the vaccine strategy to control the disease effectually.
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影响因子：
10.7
作者：
SAITOU, N;NEI, M
通讯作者：
NEI, M
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Brenner, J;Tsuda, T;Kato, T
通讯作者：
Kato, T
DOI：
10.7883/yoken1952.14.101
发表时间：
1961-01-01
期刊：
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE & BIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
OYA, A;OKUNO, T;KOBAYASHI, I
通讯作者：
KOBAYASHI, I
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Uchida, K;Murakami, T;Tateyama, S
通讯作者：
Tateyama, S
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
THOMPSON, JD;HIGGINS, DG;GIBSON, TJ
通讯作者：
GIBSON, TJ