Assessing motorist behavior during flash floods in Tucson, Arizona

Assessing motorist behavior during flash floods in Tucson, Arizona
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评估亚利桑那州图森山洪暴发期间驾车者的行为

DOI:
10.1007/s11116-020-10156-2
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Walker, Kyle E.
Walker, Kyle E.
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Coles, Ashley R.;Walker, Kyle E.

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天气事件经常迫使驾车者在不安全的条件下驾驶或改变旅行计划。这两项决策都蕴含着成本,司机可以通过发展促进安全出行的适应行为来将成本降至最低。这项研究调查了图森市的驾车者行为,在图森市,通过改变路线或出行时间等策略,可能会避免城市山洪暴发。108名居民完成了一份关于他们在出发前和遇到洪水时采取哪些行为来避免洪水的适应性问卷。多元回归分析测试了行为是否取决于人口特征、对洪水地点的熟悉程度以及以前进入洪水的经验。这项研究还考虑了人们在遇到洪水时寻求的信息类型。研究结果强调了灵活性和熟悉度对驾驶者决策的重要性。较少的适应行为用于紧急通勤旅行,但路线转换在最频繁的工作,学校和家庭旅行中很常见。旅行前的行为解释了大多数差异,因为大多数受访者在遇到洪水时使用适应行为,但年龄、种族和以前的洪水经历是关键因素。避免洪水行为的差异似乎与旅行的灵活性有关,而不仅仅是冒险的倾向。这些结果还强调了沟通替代路线的巨大潜力,以帮助驾车者减少洪水暴露和其他定点危险,同时最大限度地减少旅行中断。
Weather events often force motorists to drive in unsafe conditions or alter travel plans. Both decisions are imbued with costs that drivers may minimize by developing adaptation behaviors that facilitate safe travel. This study examines motorist behavior in Tucson, where urban flash floods are potentially avoided by strategies such as changing the route or trip timing. A sample of 108 residents completed a stated adaptation questionnaire regarding which behaviors they take to avoid floods prior to departure and upon encountering a flood. A multiple regression analysis tests whether behaviors depend on demographic characteristics, familiarity with flood locations, and previous experience entering floodwaters. This study also considers the types of information that people seek upon encountering a flood. The results highlight the importance of flexibility and familiarity for motorists’ decision making. Fewer adaptation behaviors are used for urgent commute trips, but route switching is common for the most frequent trips to work, school, and home. Pre-trip behaviors account for most differences because most respondents use adaptation behaviors upon flood encounter, but age, ethnicity, and previous experience with floods are key factors. Differences in flood avoidance behaviors appear to be linked to travel flexibility, not just propensity to take risks. These results also highlight the significant potential for communicating alternate routes to help motorists reduce flood exposure and other point-location hazards while minimizing travel disruption.
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