Southern East Asian origin and coexpansion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing family with Han Chinese
Southern East Asian origin and coexpansion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing family with Han Chinese
复制标题
东亚南部起源以及结核分枝杆菌北京家族与汉族人的共同扩张。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1424063112
复制
发表时间：
2015-06-30
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Gao, Qian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo, Tao;Comas, Inaki;Gao, Qian
北京家族是结核分枝杆菌最成功的基因型，占全球结核病流行的四分之一以上。作为东亚的主要基因型，北京家族已在世界各地出现，并经常与疾病爆发和抗生素耐药性有关。揭示该菌株家族的起源和历史传播对于了解其目前的全球成功非常重要。在此，我们根据358个北京菌株的全基因组序列表征了该家族的全球多样性。我们发现，在东亚流行的北京菌株是遗传多样性的，而全球新出现的菌株大多属于一个更同质的亚型称为“现代”北京。系统地理学和联合分析表明，北京家族很可能在大约30，000年前出现在东亚南部，并伴随着现代人类在该地区的早期殖民。通过结合来自中国各地的1，793个菌株的基因组数据和基因分型结果，我们发现“现代”北京亚系在新石器时代在中国北方经历了大规模的扩张，随后随着汉族人的迁移而传播到其他地区。我们的研究结果支持北京家庭和东亚现代人类的平行进化。“现代”北京亚种在东亚的主导地位及其最近在全球的出现最有可能是由其超强毒力驱动的，这可能反映了与中国北方农业转型相关的人口密度增加的适应性。
The Beijing family is the most successful genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and responsible for more than a quarter of the global tuberculosis epidemic. As the predominant genotype in East Asia, the Beijing family has been emerging in various areas of the world and is often associated with disease outbreaks and antibiotic resistance. Revealing the origin and historical dissemination of this strain family is important for understanding its current global success. Here we characterized the global diversity of this family based on whole-genome sequences of 358 Beijing strains. We show that the Beijing strains endemic in East Asia are genetically diverse, whereas the globally emerging strains mostly belong to a more homogenous subtype known as "modern" Beijing. Phylogeographic and coalescent analyses indicate that the Beijing family most likely emerged around 30,000 y ago in southern East Asia, and accompanied the early colonization by modern humans in this area. By combining the genomic data and genotyping result of 1,793 strains from across China, we found the "modern" Beijing sublineage experienced massive expansions in northern China during the Neolithic era and subsequently spread to other regions following the migration of Han Chinese. Our results support a parallel evolution of the Beijing family and modern humans in East Asia. The dominance of the "modern" Beijing sublineage in East Asia and its recent global emergence are most likely driven by its hypervirulence, which might reflect adaption to increased human population densities linked to the agricultural transition in northern China.