Free-running ground-based photometric array imaging of transient luminous events
Free-running ground-based photometric array imaging of transient luminous events
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DOI：
10.1029/2009ja014834
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发表时间：
2010-07
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Newsome;U. Inan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Newsome;U. Inan
[1]我们目前的观测瞬态发光事件（TLEs）记录在夏季TLE观测活动于2008年在朗缪尔实验室附近的索科罗，新墨西哥州。该活动的特点是由一个自由运行的地面多阳极测光阵列进行观测，称为电离电子辐射测光成像仪（PIPER）。作为一个光度阵列，PIPER具有高（40 μs）的时间分辨率和足够的空间分辨率（每个光度计16个阳极），使其特别适用于研究快速TLE，如精灵和光晕。作为一种自由运行的仪器，没有遗漏的检测，也没有触发引起的不必要的采样偏差。作为一种地面仪器，它可以跟踪单个风暴的整个生命周期，而不是像天基仪器所要求的那样对大量风暴进行随机采样。在这场战役中，在六场风暴中观测到143个精灵、803个精灵和166个光环，导致精灵与精灵和光环与精灵的平均发生率分别为5.6：1和1.2：1。精灵与雪碧的比例在不同的风暴中变化很大，从3.7：1的最低值到13.4：1的最高值不等。总体而言，78.2%的精灵和55.4%的晕与负的云对地闪电（− CG）有关;没有观测到与− CG有关的精灵。此外，在几场风暴中观察到40个事件，其中成对的精灵快速连续发生，我们称之为精灵双胞胎。在elve双峰事件中，elve之间的持续时间通常为120 μs。这些事件的发生机制仍在研究中。
[1] We present observations of transient luminous events (TLEs) recorded during a summer TLE observation campaign in 2008 at Langmuir Laboratory near Socorro, New Mexico. The campaign featured observations made by a free-running, ground-based multianode photometric array called the Photometric Imager of Precipitated Electron Radiation (PIPER). As a photometric array, PIPER has high (40 μs) temporal resolution and enough spatial resolution (16 anodes per photometer) to make it particularly useful in the study of fast TLEs like elves and halos. As a free-running instrument, there are no missed detections and no unwanted sampling bias introduced by triggering. As a ground-based instrument, it can follow individual storms over the course of their lifetime rather than randomly sampling over large numbers of storms as required by space-based instruments. During the campaign, 143 sprites, 803 elves, and 166 halos were observed over six storms, resulting in averaged elve-to-sprite and halo-to-sprite occurrence ratios of 5.6:1 and 1.2:1, respectively. There was considerable variability in the elve-to-sprite occurrence ratio from storm to storm, ranging from a low of 3.7:1 to a high of 13.4:1. Overall, 78.2% of the elves and 55.4% of the halos were associated with negative cloud-to-ground lightning strikes (−CGs); no sprites associated with −CGs were observed. Additionally, 40 events in which pairs of elves occur in rapid succession, events we refer to as elve doublets, were observed in several storms. The duration between elves in the elve doublet events was typically 120 μs. The causative mechanism for these events is still under deliberation.