Evaluating the night sky background directly from the signal images detected by the ASTRI telescopes
Evaluating the night sky background directly from the signal images detected by the ASTRI telescopes
复制标题
直接根据应科院望远镜检测到的信号图像评估夜空背景
DOI：
10.1007/s10686-021-09830-9
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
D. Impiombato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. A. Compagnino;T. Mineo;M. Maccarone;O. Catalano;S. Giarrusso;D. Impiombato
ASTRI-Horn是一个成像大气切伦科夫望远镜，其特点是一个双镜光学系统，主镜直径为4.3米，弯曲的焦面由硅光电倍增管传感器覆盖，由创新的快速前端电子设备管理。ASTRI-Horn安装在意大利的INAF“M. C. Fracastoro”观测站（埃特纳山，意大利）;它是九个类似望远镜的原型，组成了将安装在特内里费（加那利群岛，西班牙）泰德天文台的应科院微型阵列。在ASTRI-Horn相机中，SiPM的输出信号交流耦合到前端电子设备，阻止任何缓慢变化的信号。然而，夜空背景光子的随机到达会在电子设备能够检测到的信号中产生快速波动。此效果生成的噪波与漫射夜空背景的级别成比例。在这项工作中，我们使用触发阵雨的图像对2018年12月至2019年3月期间ASTRI-Horn观测的背景数据进行了分析。我们将2018年12月7日至8日和2019年3月6日至7日晚上的结果与UVscope测量的当代夜空背景通量进行了比较。这是安装在ASTRI-Horn望远镜外部结构上的小型辅助仪器，专门用于紫外波段的夜空背景评价。检测到所考虑的数据之间的强相关性。这种相关性可以作为一种诊断工具，以确保ASTRI-Horn相机在应科院MiniArray实施中的正确行为。ASTRI-Horn还配备了方差技术，能够在没有高速率淋浴的情况下对像素信号的水平进行采样。本文提出的方法，基于淋浴图像，是一种新的方法，从来没有研究到现在。它不能替代方差，方差将作为穷举测试后背景评估的基线，但当方差数据可用时，它是对方差的补充。这是唯一一个工作得很好的方法，可以在标准方差方法不起作用时应用。
ASTRI-Horn is an Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope characterized by a dual-mirror optical system with a primary mirror diameter of 4.3 m and a curved focal surface covered by silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) sensors managed by an innovative fast front-end electronics. ASTRI-Horn is installed in Italy at the INAF “M.C. Fracastoro” observing station (Mount Etna, Italy); it is the prototype of nine similar telescopes forming the ASTRI MiniArray that will be installed at the Teide Astronomical Observatory, in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). In the ASTRI-Horn camera, the output signals from SiPMs are AC coupled to the front-end electronics stopping any slow varying signals. However, the random arrival of the night sky background photons produces fast fluctuations in the signal that the electronics is able to detect. The noise generated by this effect is proportional to the level of the diffuse night sky background. In this work, we present the analysis of the background data in ASTRI-Horn observations during the period December 2018–March 2019, using images of triggered showers. We compare the results relative to 2018 December 7-8 and 2019 March 6-7 nights with the contemporary night sky background fluxes measured by UVscope. This is a small auxiliary instrument mounted on the external structure of the ASTRI-Horn telescope and devoted to the night sky background evaluation in the UV band. A strong correlation between the considered data was detected. This correlation can be a diagnostic tool to assure the proper behavior of the ASTRI-Horn camera in view of the ASTRI MiniArray implementation. ASTRI-Horn is also equipped with theVariancetechnique able to sample the level of the pixel signals in absence of showers with an high rate. The method presented in this paper, based on shower images, is a new approach that has never been investigated until now. It does not substitute theVariance, that will the baseline for the background evaluation after exhaustive testings, but it is complementary to it whenVariancedata are available. This is the only one method working very well, that can be applied whenever the standardVariancemethod is not operative.
INAF、都灵天文观测站/锡耶纳大学/Sirio 天文观测站（意大利）
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