Evidence-Based Therapies: Translating Research into Practice
Evidence-Based Therapies: Translating Research into Practice
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DOI：
10.1007/978-0-387-73691-4_4
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Chorpita, Bruce F.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Higa, Charmaine K.;Chorpita, Bruce F.
大量证据支持对儿童和青少年使用某些临床实践而不是其他临床实践(例如，Kazdin等人，1990；Weiss&Weisz，1995；Weisz等人，1995)，但目前的研究表明，实践者很少在他们自己的实践中使用这些干预措施(例如，Weersing等人，2002)，并且在社区环境中进行的治疗不如在研究环境中进行的治疗有效(例如Weiss等人，1995,1999)。因此，寻求治疗的大多数儿童和青少年无法获得有帮助证据的做法。一个更大的挑战涉及到最近的证据表明，实验室记录的循证实践的相对优势在现实世界中可能站不住脚(例如，Barrington等人，2005年)。因此，该领域似乎至少面临两个相关问题：(1)尽管多年来一直有证据为基础的做法带来的可喜效果，但它们在实践环境中的渗透率极其有限；(2)关于治疗的实验室结果的质量和相关性可能并不普遍适用于现实世界的应用环境。然而，尽管十多年来主要研究人员一直强调将治疗研究转移到实践环境中(例如，Kazdin等人，1990；Weisz等人，1995)，政策制定者和资金来源鼓励传播研究的快速发展(例如，Chambers等人，2005；国家咨询精神健康委员会儿童和青少年心理健康干预发展和部署工作组，2001；国家卫生研究院，2002；Norquist等人，1999)，但到目前为止，只有少数循证实践在青年心理健康文献中被审查过(Barrington等人，2005；Hengeler等人，1992；Mufson等人，2004)。为了解决这些问题，本章从一个讨论开始
A plethora of evidence exists supporting the use of certain clinical practices for children and adolescents over others (eg, Kazdin et al., 1990; Weiss & Weisz, 1995; Weisz et al., 1995), yet current research shows that practitioners rarely use these interventions in their own practice (eg, Weersing et al., 2002) and that therapy conducted in community settings is not as effective as therapy conducted in research settings (eg, Weiss et al., 1995, 1999). Thus, practices with evidence of being helpful are not available to most children and adolescents who seek treatment. An even greater challenge involves recent evidence suggesting that the relative advantages of evidence-based practices documented in the laboratory may not hold up in real-world settings (eg, Barrington et al., 2005). Thus, at least two related problems appear to face the field:(1) Despite years of documentation of the promising effects of evidence-based practices, their penetration into practice settings is extremely limited; and (2) the quality and relevance of laboratory findings on treatment may not universally apply to real-world applied settings. However, despite leading researchers’ having emphasized moving treatment research into practice settings for over a decade (eg, Kazdin et al., 1990; Weisz et al., 1995) and policy makers and funding sources encouraging the rapid development of dissemination research (eg, Chambers et al., 2005; National Advisory Mental Health Council Workgroup on Child and Adolescent Mental Health Intervention Development and Deployment, 2001; National Institutes of Health, 2002; Norquist et al., 1999), only a handful of evidence-based practices have been examined in “real-world” settings in the youth mental health literature to date (Barrington et al., 2005; Henggeler et al., 1992; Mufson et al., 2004). To address these matters, this chapter begins with a discussion