Youth transitions, unemployment and underemployment
Youth transitions, unemployment and underemployment
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青年转型、失业和就业不足
DOI：
10.1177/1440783311420794
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
R. MacDonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. MacDonald
青少年学习是为了什么？这个问题的一个答案表明，青年研究作为了解社会变革和社会连续性过程的窗口，具有宝贵的、可能是独特的地位。本文基于作者从 20 世纪 80 年代初至今长期从事青年研究的经验，反思了过去 30 年来青年如何过渡到劳动力市场，以及青年研究和青年政策中对青年的思考方式如何变化和保持不变。虽然主要的实证重点是英国，但本文指出所讨论的许多趋势具有更广泛的相关性。在回顾过去的同时，本文还考虑了未来的可能性和挑战；为了青年、青年研究和青年政策。就年轻人的生活而言，失业、经济边缘化和不稳定的阴影正在蔓延。在研究方面，它认为，为了使青年研究获得更大的理论意义和影响，并更好地理解社会变迁和连续性的过程，需要采取进一步措施来克服青年文化和青年转型研究之间的持久鸿沟。最后，根据青年研究的这些反思，本文对当前和未来的社会和经济政策提出了重要问题。这里讨论了就业不足对当地和全球的影响以及“技能经济的神话”。
What is youth studies for? One answer to this question points to the valuable, possibly unique, position youth research has as a window on processes of social change and of social continuity. Based on the author’s long-term engagement in youth research, from the early 1980s to now, this article reflects on how youth transitions to the labour market – and the way that they are thought about in youth studies and youth policy – have changed and stayed the same over the past 30 years. While the main empirical focus is on the UK, the article notes the wider relevance of many of the trends that are discussed. As well as looking backward, the article considers possibilities and challenges for the future; for youth, for youth research and for youth policy. In terms of young adults’ lives, the spreading shadow of unemployment, economic marginality and precariousness is described. In terms of research, it argues that, in order to achieve greater theoretical significance and impact for youth studies – and to better understand processes of social change and continuity – further strides need to be taken to overcome the enduring divide between youth cultural and youth transitions studies. Finally, on the basis of these reflections from youth studies, the article raises important questions for current and coming social and economic policy. Here the local – and global – significance of underemployment and the ‘myth of the skills economy’ are discussed.