Aerobiology and its role in the transmission of infectious diseases.
Aerobiology and its role in the transmission of infectious diseases.
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DOI：
10.1155/2013/493960
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Goldblatt M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernstrom A;Goldblatt M
空气生物学在传染病的传播中起着基础性作用。随着传染病和感染控制从业者继续使用现代技术(例如，计算流体动力学来研究颗粒流动，聚合酶链式反应方法来量化各种环境中的颗粒浓度，以及流行病学来跟踪疾病的传播)，影响病原体通过空气传播的中心变量变得越来越为人所知。本文综述了许多这样的空气生物学变量(例如，颗粒大小、颗粒类型、颗粒在空气中停留的时间、颗粒可以移动的距离以及气象和环境因素)，以及这些感染性颗粒的共同来源。然后，我们回顾了几个已知难以控制感染粒子在空气中传播的实际环境(例如，办公楼、医疗设施和商用飞机)，同时详细介绍了这些行业中每个行业为努力改善空气传播传染病而采取的各自措施。
Aerobiology plays a fundamental role in the transmission of infectious diseases. As infectious disease and infection control practitioners continue employing contemporary techniques (e.g., computational fluid dynamics to study particle flow, polymerase chain reaction methodologies to quantify particle concentrations in various settings, and epidemiology to track the spread of disease), the central variables affecting the airborne transmission of pathogens are becoming better known. This paper reviews many of these aerobiological variables (e.g., particle size, particle type, the duration that particles can remain airborne, the distance that particles can travel, and meteorological and environmental factors), as well as the common origins of these infectious particles. We then review several real-world settings with known difficulties controlling the airborne transmission of infectious particles (e.g., office buildings, healthcare facilities, and commercial airplanes), while detailing the respective measures each of these industries is undertaking in its effort to ameliorate the transmission of airborne infectious diseases.