Diabetic retinopathy: Breaking the barrier.
Diabetic retinopathy: Breaking the barrier.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pathophys.2017.07.001
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Harris NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eshaq RS;Aldalati AMZ;Alexander JS;Harris NR
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）仍然是糖尿病的主要并发症，也是全球成年人失明的主要原因。DR是一种进展性疾病，在疾病的任何阶段影响I型和II型糖尿病患者，并且靶向视网膜微血管。DR由视网膜血管的多种生物化学、分子和病理生理变化引起，其影响微循环功能并最终影响光感受器功能。几种神经、内皮和支持细胞（例如，周细胞）机制在糖尿病期间的高血糖环境中以病理方式改变，这可以干扰脉管系统中的重要细胞表面组分，产生进行性DR病理生理学的特征。这些包括糖萼的丧失、血视网膜屏障功能障碍、炎性细胞标志物表达增加以及血液白细胞和血小板的粘附。包括在这篇评论是一个讨论的修改发生在或接近视网膜血管内皮细胞的表面，以及这些改变的后果对视网膜的完整性。
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of blindness among adults worldwide. DR is a progressive disease affecting both type I and type II diabetic patients at any stage of the disease, and targets the retinal microvasculature. DR results from multiple biochemical, molecular and pathophysiological changes to the retinal vasculature, which affect both microcirculatory functions and ultimately photoreceptor function. Several neural, endothelial, and support cell (e.g., pericyte) mechanisms are altered in a pathological fashion in the hyperglycemic environment during diabetes that can disturb important cell surface components in the vasculature producing the features of progressive DR pathophysiology. These include loss of the glycocalyx, blood-retinal barrier dysfunction, increased expression of inflammatory cell markers and adhesion of blood leukocytes and platelets. Included in this review is a discussion of modifications that occur at or near the surface of the retinal vascular endothelial cells, and the consequences of these alterations on the integrity of the retina.