Subjective Weil-Being: Three Decades of Progress
Subjective Weil-Being: Three Decades of Progress
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
E. Diener;E. Suh;Richard E. Lucas;Heidi L. Smith
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作者：
E. Diener;E. Suh;Richard E. Lucas;Heidi L. Smith
W. Wilson（1967）对主观幸福感（SWB）领域的回顾提出了几个关于那些报告高水平“幸福”的人的结论。他的一些结论已经被推翻：年轻和适度的抱负不再被视为SWB的先决条件。E. Diener（1984）的评论更强调强调心理因素的理论。在这篇文章中，作者回顾了威尔逊结论的现有证据，并讨论了压力倾向影响、适应、目标和应对策略的现代主观幸福感理论。该领域的下一步发展是理解心理因素与生活环境在产生幸福感过程中的相互作用，理解导致幸福的因果途径，理解对事件的适应过程，并发展理论，解释为什么某些变量对幸福感的不同组成部分（生活满意度、愉快情绪和不愉快情绪）有不同的影响。
W. Wilson's (1967) review of the area of subjective well-being (SWB) advanced several conclusions regarding those who report high levels of "happiness." A number of his conclusions have been overturned: youth and modest aspirations no longer are seen as prerequisites of SWB. E. Diener's (1984) review placed greater emphasis on theories that stressed psychological factors. In the current article, the authors review current evidence for Wilson's conclusions and discuss modern theories of SWB that stress dispositional influences, adaptation, goals, and coping strategies. The next steps in the evolution of the field are to comprehend the interaction of psychological factors with life circumstances in producing SWB, to understand the causal pathways leading to happiness, understand the processes underlying adaptation to events, and develop theories that explain why certain variables differentially influence the different components of SWB (life satisfaction, pleasant affect, and unpleasant affect).