Biological control of Pacific mites and Willamette mites in San Joaquin Valley vineyards: I. Role of Metaseiulus occidentalis
Biological control of Pacific mites and Willamette mites in San Joaquin Valley vineyards: I. Role of Metaseiulus occidentalis
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圣华金谷葡萄园太平洋螨和威拉米特螨的生物防治：I. Metaseiulus occidentalis 的作用
DOI：
10.3733/hilg.v40n10p267
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发表时间：
1970
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Huffaker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Flaherty;C. Huffaker
在圣华金河谷南部葡萄园的人口研究表明，
威拉米特螨，Eotetranychus willamettei尤因，和太平洋螨，太平洋叶螨的模式，在山谷，在葡萄园，在葡萄树本身不同。太平洋螨一般
在炎热和干燥的条件下做得最好，而威拉米特螨喜欢凉爽，
潮湿的条件下，虽然有相当大的重叠的两个物种。
详细的人口研究表明，未经处理的葡萄园，没有历史，
杀虫剂处理通常比葡萄园表现出更有效的捕食水平
已经被治疗过了此外，与一些调查人员的观点相反，
研究表明，Metaseiulus occurentalis（Nesophila）在其对低或高猎物密度的反应中没有自我限制方面。
在未受干扰的葡萄园中，温和的捕食者-猎物相互作用似乎有助于延续
有效地控制低猎物密度的M。[咒语]在受干扰的葡萄园，广泛波动的捕食者和猎物种群可能导致
人口崩溃和不平衡的持续。此外，当调节较低时，
但潜在的严重，太平洋螨密度在未受干扰的葡萄园，M。octagentalis似乎受益于存在较少的季节性限制威拉米特
螨。
吨位和果实质量数据表明，威拉米特螨往往不是一个显着的
害虫过去在太平洋螨和威拉米特螨之间几乎没有区别
螨，并将其作为严重害虫进行处理。
Population studies in southern San Joaquin Valley vineyards showed that the distributional
patterns of Willamette mite, Eotetranychus willamettei Ewing, and Pacific mite, Tetranychus pacificus, differ in the Valley, in the vineyard, and on the vine itself. Pacific mite generally
does best under hot and dry conditions while Willamette mite prefers cooler and more
humid conditions, although there is considerable overlapping of the two species.
Detailed populations studies showed that untreated vineyards with no histories of
pesticide treatment often exhibit more efficient levels of predation than do vineyards
which have been treated. Also, contrary to the views of some investigators, these
studies indicate that Metaseiulus occidentalis (Nesbitt) has no self-limiting aspects in its response to low or high prey densities.
In undisturbed vineyards, a mild predator-prey interaction appears to help perpetuate
effective control of low prey densities by M. occidentalis. In disturbed vineyards, widely fluctuating predator and prey populations may lead
to population crashes and continuation of imbalance. Moreover, when regulating low,
but potentially serious, Pacific mite densities in undisturbed vineyards, M. occidentalis appears to benefit from the presence of the less seasonally restricted Willamette
mite.
Tonnage and fruit-quality data showed that Willamette mite is often not a significant
pest. Little differentiation has been made in the past between Pacific mite and Willamette
mite, and treatments have been applied as if both were serious pests.